Sublingual immunotherapy increases Treg/Th17 ratio in allergic rhinitis

Wang, Jiarong; Qiu, Liansheng; Chen, Yimin; Chen, Minyun

doi:10.1515/med-2021-0285

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Interestingly, some previous reported immunal changes after 1 year of AIT. 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 However, the different allergen type (mite vs cedar pollinosis), treatment method (SCIT vs SLIT), and treatment population (adult vs children) may explain the different results. Our data also showed that the percentages of Treg, Breg, and Tfr in the 3 years group increased significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and immunological changes of sublingual immunotherapy in pediatric allergic rhinitis

Zeng¹,

Xiao²,

Gao³

et al. 2023

World Allergy Organization Journal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and immunological changes of sublingual immunotherapy in pediatric allergic rhinitis

Zeng¹,

Xiao²,

Gao³

et al. 2023

World Allergy Organization Journal

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“…SSs were evaluated in 23 studies ( 15 , 17 , 24 – 31 , 33 , 41 – 45 , 53 , 55 , 58 , 60 , 65 – 67 ), including 2332 patients in the SLIT group and 2380 in the non-SLIT group. Pooled analysis illustrated that compared with the non-SLIT group, the SLIT group had a significantly lower SS (pooled SMD: -0.99, 95%CI: -1.29, -0.69, I 2 = 95.1%, P < 0.001) ( Supplementary Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symptoms included itchy nose, sneezing, running nose, blocked nose, itchy eyes, etc. ( 17 , 24 , 25 ), and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was also used for evaluation ( 15 , 26 ). Some studies recorded daily values ( 25 , 27 ), while some recorded scoring results over a period of time ( 28 , 29 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of sublingual versus subcutaneous immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yang,

Lei

2023

Front. Immunol.

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AimTo systematically compare the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in children with allergic rhinitis (AR).MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from inception to March 2, 2023. Outcomes included symptom scores (SSs), medication scores (MSs), symptom and medication scores (SMSs), new sensitizations, development of asthma, improvement, and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). The quality of the included studies was assessed by the modified Jadad scale and Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Meta-regression was carried out to explore the source of heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis was further conducted in terms of study design [randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies], allergen [house dust mites (HDMs), grass pollen], treatment duration (≥ 24, 12-23 or < 12 months), allergen immunotherapy (AIT) modality (drops or tablets), and AIT protocol [continuous, pre-seasonal, co-seasonal, or after the grass pollen season (GPS)]. Sensitivity analysis was conducted for all outcomes. A Bayesian framework and a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) model were developed for indirect comparison.ResultsTotally 50 studies with 10813 AR children were included, with 4122 treated with SLIT, 1852 treated with SCIT, and 4839 treated with non-SLIT or non-SCIT therapy. For direct comparison, the SLIT group had a similar SS to the SCIT group [pooled standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.46, 1.28, P = 0.353]. Comparable MSs were observed in the SLIT and SCIT groups (pooled SMD: 0.82, 95%CI: -0.88, 2.53, P = 0.344). For indirect comparison, no significant differences were found in SSs (pooled SMD: 1.20, 95% credibility interval (CrI): -1.70, 4.10), MSs (pooled SMD: 0.57, 95%CrI: -1.20, 2.30), SMSs (pooled SMD: 1.80, 95%CrI: -0.005, 3.60), new sensitizations [pooled relative risk (RR): 0.34, 95%CrI: 0.03, 3.58], and development of asthma (pooled RR: 0.68, 95%CrI: 0.01, 26.33) between the SLIT and SCIT groups; the SLIT group illustrated a significantly lower incidence of TRAEs than the SCIT group (pooled RR: 0.17, 95%CrI: 0.11, 0.26).ConclusionConsidering both efficacy and safety, SLIT might be a more favorable AIT than SCIT in the treatment of pediatric AR, which may serve as a decision-making reference for clinicians.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO (CRD42023460693).

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“…Recently, researchers have suggested that an imbalance between Th17 and Treg cells may also contribute to the pathogenesis of allergic disorders including AR [77]. Th17 cells can promote eosinophilic inflammation in AR whereas Treg cells may inhibit activation of Th2 cells, attenuating the response against the allergen [72,78].…”

Section: Allergic Rhinitismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Fine Particle Matter (PM2.5) Exposure and Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases

Zaręba,

Piszczatowska,

Dżaman

et al. 2024

JPM

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PM2.5 is one of the most harmful components of airborne pollution and includes particles with diameters of less than 2.5 μm. Almost 90% of the world’s population lives in areas with poor air quality exceeding the norms established by the WHO. PM2.5 exposure affects various organs and systems of the human body including the upper respiratory tract which is one of the most prone to its adverse effects. PM2.5 can disrupt nasal epithelial cell metabolism, decrease the integrity of the epithelial barrier, affect mucociliary clearance, and alter the inflammatory process in the nasal mucosa. Those effects may increase the chance of developing upper respiratory tract diseases in areas with high PM2.5 pollution. PM2.5’s contribution to allergic rhinitis (AR) and rhinosinusitis was recently thoroughly investigated. Numerous studies demonstrated various mechanisms that occur when subjects with AR or rhinosinusitis are exposed to PM2.5. Various immunological changes and alterations in the nasal and sinonasal epithelia were reported. These changes may contribute to the observations that exposure to higher PM2.5 concentrations may increase AR and rhinosinusitis symptoms in patients and the number of clinical visits. Thus, studying novel strategies against PM2.5 has recently become the focus of researchers’ attention. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of PM2.5 on healthy upper respiratory tract mucosa and PM2.5’s contribution to AR and rhinosinusitis. Finally, we summarize the current advances in developing strategies against PM2.5 particles’ effects on the upper respiratory tract.

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Sublingual immunotherapy increases Treg/Th17 ratio in allergic rhinitis

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

Efficacy and immunological changes of sublingual immunotherapy in pediatric allergic rhinitis

Efficacy and immunological changes of sublingual immunotherapy in pediatric allergic rhinitis

Efficacy and safety of sublingual versus subcutaneous immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The Relationship between Fine Particle Matter (PM2.5) Exposure and Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases

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