“…One of the reasons for the success of SIM lies in the direct correspondence between geometric operations on matrices constructed from input/output data and their implementation in terms of well known, stable and reliable algorithms from the field of numerical linear algebra. Lot of them have been extended to the closed-loop case (Verhaegen, 1993a;V a n Overschee and De Moor, 1997;Chou and Verhaegen, 1997;Katayama et al, 2005) or directly developed in a closed-loop context (Qin and Ljung, 2003;Oku and Fujii, 2004;Huang et al, 2005). When looking at methods that can consistently identify plant models of systems operating in closed-loop while relying on simple linear (regression) algorithms, instrumental variable (IV) techniques seem to be rather attractive, but at the same time also not very often applied.…”