Substance and Alcohol Misuse, Drug Pathways, and Offending Behaviors in Association With ADHD in Prison Inmates

Young, Susan; González, Rafael A.; Wolff, Kim; Xenitidis, Kiriakos; Mutch, Laura; Malet-Lambert, Isabella; Gudjónsson, Gisli H.

doi:10.1177/1087054716688532

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This was particularly the case for alcohol, nicotine, heroin, cocaine, amphetamines, prescriptions drugs, and cannabis. This is consistent with an established body of research [5, 27, 47, 48, 54], but our results provide novel evidence pertaining to adults currently in treatment for SUD. It is recognized that earlier onset of substance use predicts more frequent substance use in adulthood [55].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Research on dimensions of ODD has shown divergent trajectories: one from early irritability toward later emergence of mood disorders and one from early oppositionality and noncompliance to persisting conduct problems [43, 44]. Meanwhile, research has shown that both internalizing and externalizing symptom dimensions are significantly linked with SUD [45-47], albeit via different mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Onset and Severity of Early Disruptive Behavioral Disorders in Treatment-Seeking Substance Use Disorder Patients with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study addressed the age of onset of conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in treatment-seeking substance use disorder (SUD) patients with and without adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its association with early onset of SUD. Methods: We examined data from the 2nd International ADHD in Substance Use Disorders Prevalence Study, including 400 adults in SUD treatment from Puerto Rico, Hungary, and Australia. ADHD, SUD, and CD/ODD were assessed with the Conners Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV, the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and the K-SADS, respectively. Cox regression analyses modeled time to emergence of CD/ODD separately for SUD patients with and without adult ADHD. Linear regression models examined associations between age of onset of SUD and presence of ADHD and adjusted for sex, age, and country. To assess the mediating role of CD/ODD on the association of ADHD with onset of SUD, adjusted regression models were estimated. Results: Treatment-seeking SUD patients with ADHD presented an earlier onset of CD/ODD compared with those without ADHD. CD/ODD symptom loads were higher among González et al.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onset and Severity of Early Disruptive Behavioral Disorders in Treatment-Seeking Substance Use Disorder Patients with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This could be an extra source of distraction among pedestrians with ADHD. Moreover, other outcomes of ADHD, such as sleep disorders, substance misuse, and problems at workplace that may affect pedestrians awareness while crossing a road or walking in traffic environment [8,58,59]. An interesting study on risk factors for adverse driving outcomes in Dutch adults with ADHD demonstrated that alcohol use, and high levels of anxiety and hostility are highly prevalent among adults with ADHD interestingly discussing the mediating role of them on the risk for negative driving outcomes in drivers with ADHD [17].…”

Section: Adhd Comorbidities and Pedestrian Crash Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult ADHD screening scores and hospitalization due to pedestrian injuries: a case-control study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstracts Background The aim of this study was to investigate the association between adult ADHD screening scores and hospitalization due to pedestrian injuries in a sample of Iranian pedestrians. Methods Through a case-control study, a case population of 177 pedestrians injured by the vehicles in road traffic crashes were compared with 177 controls who lacked a record of intentional or unintentional injuries enrolled from various wards of Imam Reza University Hospital which is a specialty teaching hospital located in the same city with similar referral level. The cases and controls had an age range of 18–65 years and were matched on gender and age. ADHD symptom profile was assessed using the Persian Self-report Screening Version of the Conner’s Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS-S:SV). The association of ADHD screening score and pedestrian injuries was investigated using multiple binary logistic regression to investigate the independent effect of ADHD index score on belonging to case group. Both crude and adjusted odds ratios were reported. Results Men comprised 86.4% of the study subjects. The crude odds ratios for all the four ADHD subscales to be associated with pedestrian injuries were 1.05, 1.08, and 1.04 for the subscales A (attention deficit), B (hyperactivity/impulsiveness) and ADHD index respectively. However, the association for subscale A was not statistically significant with a borderline p-value. The final multivariate analysis showed that variables associated with pedestrian injuries in the road traffic crashes were ADHD Index score (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12); economic status (including household income and expenditure capacity); educational level and total walking time per 24 h. Conclusions Adult ADHD screening score can predict pedestrian injuries leading to hospitalization independently from sex, age, economic status, educational level and pedestrian exposure to traffic environment (average walking time).

show abstract

“…Participants with ADHD had greater severity in both lifetime and current SUD, indicated by more symptoms, as well as by polysubstance diagnoses. Recently, studies of male prisoners have reported that those with ADHD have greater severity of SUD [31, 67]. Similarly, studies of community adults in treatment for opioid or cocaine dependence had concluded that ADHD is associated with greater substance dependence and psychiatric comorbidity and greater severity of addiction [15, 68].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Prisoners: Increased Substance Use Disorder Severity and Psychiatric Comorbidity

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorders (SUD) are overrepresented among incarcerated populations. We examined whether ADHD was associated with increased severity of comorbid SUD and with increased psychiatric comorbidity among prisoners. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 500 randomly selected Latino male prisoners in the Puerto Rico Correctional System using validated diagnostic measures to assess Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) ADHD and SUD diagnosis, antisocial personality disorder (ASP) and borderline personality disorder (BPD), major depression, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). We defined SUD severity by symptom count and by presence of at least 2 current SUD diagnoses (polysubstance). Results: Participants with ADHD had increased risk for lifetime (p < 0.05) and current (p < 0.01) SUDs, all comorbid psychiatric disorders , and suicidality (p < 0.001). They had more severe SUD, both in number of symptoms and number of SUD (polysubstance) diagnoses (p < 0.01). ADHD was associated with increased psychiatric comorbidity, as participants with ADHD were more likely to have a second diagnosis, and a greater number of comorbid disorders (p < 0.001). ASP, BPD, major depression, and GAD, but not ADHD, were significant predictors of SUD severity in adjusted models. Conclusions: Findings highlight the complex mental health needs of incarcerated populations, where SUD, ADHD, and other psychiatric disorders are prevalent and interrelated.

show abstract

Substance and Alcohol Misuse, Drug Pathways, and Offending Behaviors in Association With ADHD in Prison Inmates

Abstract: Higher rates of alcohol dependence and stimulant-cocaine misuse suggest these inmates have maladaptive coping mechanisms, such as self-medication behaviors.

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Onset and Severity of Early Disruptive Behavioral Disorders in Treatment-Seeking Substance Use Disorder Patients with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Onset and Severity of Early Disruptive Behavioral Disorders in Treatment-Seeking Substance Use Disorder Patients with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Adult ADHD screening scores and hospitalization due to pedestrian injuries: a case-control study

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Prisoners: Increased Substance Use Disorder Severity and Psychiatric Comorbidity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About