Substance P-Containing Neurons Innervating LHRH-Containing Neurons in the Septo-Preoptic Area of Rats

Tsuruo, Yoshihiro; Kawano, Hitoshi; Hisano, Setsuji; Kagotani, Yasuaki; Daikoku, Shigeo; Zhang, Tao; Yanaihara, Noboru

doi:10.1159/000125724

Cited by 53 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…www.reproduction-online.org and the ventromedial nucleus (VMN), in keeping with previous reports of SP immunoreactivity in rats, monkeys and humans (Ronnekleiv et al 1984, Yamano et al 1986, Harlan et al 1989, Rance & Young 1991, Tsuruo et al 1991, Rance & Bruce 1994, Borsay et al 2014. Studies using immunohistochemical detection of SP also report a plethora of fibers that innervate the entire length of the ARC and the median eminence (ME) (Hrabovszky et al 2013, Kalil et al 2015, Fergani et al 2016, which appear to surround the capillaries of the hypophyseal portal system indicating that SP may have the ability to act directly on the anterior pituitary (Kalil et al 2015).…”

Section: Distribution Of Sp and Nka In The Hypothalamus And Anatomicasupporting

confidence: 86%

Expanding the role of tachykinins in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction

Fergani

Navarro

2017

Reproduction

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Reproductive function is driven by the hormonal interplay between the gonads and brain-pituitary axis. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is released in a pulsatile manner, which is critical for the attainment and maintenance of fertility; however, GnRH neurons lack the ability to directly respond to most regulatory factors, and a hierarchical upstream neuronal network governs its secretion. We and others proposed a model in which Kiss1 neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), called as KNDy neurons, release kisspeptin (a potent GnRH secretagogue) in a pulsatile manner to drive GnRH pulses under the coordinated autosynaptic action of its cotransmitters, the tachykinin neurokinin B (NKB, stimulatory) and dynorphin (inhibitory). Numerous genetic and pharmacological studies support this model; however, additional regulatory mechanisms (upstream of KNDy neurons) and alternative pathways of GnRH secretion (kisspeptin independent) exist, but remain ill defined. In this aspect, attention to other members of the tachykinin family, namely substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA), has recently been rekindled. Even though there are still major gaps in our knowledge about the functional significance of these systems, substantial evidence, as discussed below, is placing tachykinin signaling as an important pathway for the awakening of the reproductive axis and the onset of puberty to physiological GnRH secretion and maintenance of fertility in adulthood.Reproduction (2017) 153 R1-R14

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Section: Distribution Of Sp and Nka In The Hypothalamus And Anatomicasupporting

confidence: 86%

Expanding the role of tachykinins in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction

Fergani

Navarro

2017

Reproduction

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“…A stimulatory role of tachykinins on gonadotropin secretion has been suggested by a variety of experimental paradigms (Vijayan and McCann, 1979;Dees et al, 1985;Ohtsuka et al, 1987;Arisawa et al, 1990), but, under certain conditions, tachykinins may also have inhibitory effects (Kerdelhué et al, 1978;Picanco-Diniz et al, 1990). Tachykinin neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the rat project to hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons (Tsuruo et al, 1991). These data suggest that arcuate tachykinin neurons may have a direct influence on the secretion of hypothalamic GnRH in the rat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Localization of neurons expressing substance P and neurokinin B gene transcripts in the human hypothalamus and basal forebrain

et al. 1997

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In situ hybridization histochemistry was used to map the distribution of neurons expressing the substance P (SP) or neurokinin B (NKB) genes in the human hypothalamus and basal forebrain. Hypothalami from five adult males were frozen in isopentane at -30 degrees C and serially sectioned at 20 jm thickness. Every 20th section was hybridized with [35S]-labeled, 48-base synthetic cDNA probes that were complementary to either SP or NKB mRNAs. Slides were dipped into nuclear emulsion for visualization of mRNAs at the single-cell level. The location of labeled neurons (greater than x 5 background) was mapped by using an image-combining computer microscope system. A distinct and complementary distribution pattern of SP and NKB neurons was observed in the human hypothalamus and basal forebrain. NKB was the predominant tachykinin in the rostral hypothalamus, whereas SP mRNA predominated in the posterior hypothalamus. Numerous NKB neurons were identified in the magnocellular basal forebrain, the bed nucleus of stria terminalis, and the anterior hypothalamic area. Scattered NKB neurons were present in the infundibular and paraventricular nuclei, paraolfactory gyrus, posterior hypothalamic area, lateral division of the medial mammillary nucleus, and amygdala. Numerous neurons expressing SP mRNAs were identified in the premammillary, supramammillary, and medial mammillary nuclei; the posterior hypothalamic area; and the corpus striatum. Scattered SP neurons were also observed in the preoptic area; the infundibular, intermediate, dorsomedial, and ventromedial nuclei; the infundibular stalk; the amygdala; the bed nucleus of stria terminalis; and the paraolfactory gyrus. These studies provide the first description of the location of neurons that express tachykinin gene transcripts in the human hypothalamus.

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“…In addition substance-P-containing neurons have been found to synapse with GnRH-IR soma and dendrites in the rostral POA. Despite these anatomical links (215), the effects of substance P on LH secretion have been equivocal in rats (reviewed in 108). In rabbits (214), injection of substance P into the third ventricle augmented LH secretion in both intact and ovariectomized females.…”

Section: Other Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine Regulation of GnRH Release in Induced Ovulators

Bakker

Baum

2000

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

180

135

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GnRH is the key neuropeptide controlling reproductive function in all vertebrate species. Two different neuroendocrine mechanisms have evolved among female mammals to regulate the mediobasal hypothalamic (MBH) release of GnRH leading to the preovulatory secretion of LH by the anterior pituitary gland. In females of spontaneously ovulating species, including rats, mice, guinea pigs, sheep, monkeys, and women, ovarian steroids secreted by maturing ovarian follicles induce a pulsatile pattern of GnRH release in the median eminence that, in turn, stimulates a preovulatory LH surge. In females of induced ovulating species, including rabbits, ferrets, cats, and camels, the preovulatory release of GnRH, and the resultant preovulatory LH surge, is induced by the receipt of genital somatosensory stimuli during mating. Induced ovulators generally do not show "spontaneous" steroid-induced LH surges during their reproductive cycles, suggesting that the positive feedback actions of steroid hormones on GnRH release are reduced or absent in these species. By contrast, mating-induced preovulatory surges occasionally occur in some spontaneously ovulating species. Most research in the field of GnRH neurobiology has been performed using spontaneous ovulators including rat, guinea pig, sheep, and rhesus monkey. This review summarizes the literature concerning the neuroendocrine mechanisms controlling GnRH biosynthesis and release in females of several induced ovulating species, and whenever possible it contrasts the results with those obtained for spontaneously ovulating species. It also considers the adaptive, evolutionary benefits and disadvantages of each type of ovulatory control mechanism. In females of induced ovulating species estradiol acts in the brain to induce aspects of proceptive and receptive sexual behavior. The primary mechanism involved in the preovulatory release of GnRH among induced ovulators involves the activation of midbrain and brainstem noradrenergic neurons in response to genital-somatosensory signals generated by receipt of an intromission from a male during mating. These noradrenergic neurons project to the MBH and, when activated, promote the release of GnRH from nerve terminals in the median eminence. In contrast to spontaneous ovulators, there is little evidence that endogenous opioid peptides normally inhibit MBH GnRH release among induced ovulators. Instead, the neural signals that induce a preovulatory LH surge in these species seem to be primarily excitatory. A complete understanding of the neuroendocrine control of ovulation will only be achieved in the future by comparative studies of several animal model systems in which mating-induced as well as spontaneous, hormonally stimulated activation of GnRH neurons drives the preovulatory LH surge. KEY WORDS: GnRH; MBH; induced ovulators; neuroendocrine regulation; preovulatory LH surge; spontaneous ovulators. © 2000 Academic Press Address correspondence and reprint requests to M. J. Baum at Dept. Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Street, Boston...

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Substance P-Containing Neurons Innervating LHRH-Containing Neurons in the Septo-Preoptic Area of Rats

Cited by 53 publications

References 12 publications

Expanding the role of tachykinins in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction

Expanding the role of tachykinins in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction

Localization of neurons expressing substance P and neurokinin B gene transcripts in the human hypothalamus and basal forebrain

Neuroendocrine Regulation of GnRH Release in Induced Ovulators

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