Substrate homogenization affects survival and fitness in the lowland stream caddisflies <i>Micropterna sequax</i> and <i>Potamophylax rotundipennis</i>: a mesocosm experiment

Westveer, Judith J.; Verdonschot, P.F.M.; Verdonschot, Ralf

doi:10.1086/692940

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…However, the presence of favorable in-stream and riparian habitat alone is not enough for community recovery [ 69 ]. Distances between leaf patches and sizes of these organic refuges have a profound effect on species survival [ 70 , 71 ]. Species might not be able to recolonize the stream before multiple new microhabitats have established in the stream [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connectivity and seasonality cause rapid taxonomic and functional trait succession within an invertebrate community after stream restoration

et al. 2018

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General colonization concepts consent that a slow process of microhabitat formation and subsequent niche realization occurs during early stages after new habitat is released. Subsequently, only few species are able to colonize new habitat in the early onset of succession, while species richness increases steadily over time. Although most colonization studies have been performed in terrestrial ecosystems, running water ecosystems are equally or even more prone to colonization after disturbance due to their dynamic nature. We question how invertebrate succession patterns reconcile with general colonization concepts. With this study we provide insight into the colonization process in newly created lowland stream trajectories and answer how within-stream bio- and functional diversity develops over time. Our results show a rapid influx of species, with a wide range of functional traits, during the first season after water flow commenced. During more than two years of regular monitoring, immigration rates were highest in autumn, marking the effects of seasonality on invertebrate dispersal. Biodiversity increased while abundance peaks of species alternated between seasons. Moreover, also days since start of the experiment explains a considerable part of the variability for taxa as well as traits. However, the relative trait composition remained similar throughout the entire monitoring period and only few specific traits had significantly higher proportions during specific seasons. This indicates that first phase colonization in freshwater streams can be a very rapid process that results in a high biodiversity and a large variety of species functional characteristics from the early onset of succession, contradicting general terrestrial colonization theory.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connectivity and seasonality cause rapid taxonomic and functional trait succession within an invertebrate community after stream restoration

et al. 2018

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“…een indirect effect door veranderingen in habitatstructuur, voedsel-en nutriëntenbeschikbaarheid voor organismen via transport of depositie van sediment, organisch materiaal en nutriënten (McCabe 2000). Dergelijke afvoeren homogeniseren tevens voor langere tijd de beekbedding, waardoor suboptimale levensomstandigheden voor soorten ontstaan (Westveer et al 2017). Bij een toename van de stroomsnelheid spoelt fijn sediment weg en komt meer grof zand en grind vrij.…”

Section: Ecologische Responsenunclassified

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Verdonschot¹,

Verdonschot²

2020

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“…Another factor likely to mediate the interaction between grazers and benthic algae is habitat complexity at fine scales, such as heterogeneity in the stream bed (Westveer et al, 2017), rock sizes (Komárek, 2003) and substratum roughness (Bergey, 2005; Robson & Barmuta, 1998). Substratum roughness plays a particularly important role in the assembly of benthic communities (Bergey, 1999), as it affects colonisation by algae (Bergey, 2005) and rough substrata support higher alpha (Schneck et al, 2011) and beta diversities (Petsch et al, 2017) than substrata with smooth surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of mesohabitat, grazing and substratum roughness on locally common and rare diatom species

2023

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Habitat type and grazing are key factors controlling benthic diatom communities. Nonetheless, the strength of grazing may depend on the habitat complexity at fine (substratum roughness) and meso scales (mesohabitat type). The interaction between grazers and physical conditions may thus be an important factor shaping benthic diatom communities. Several investigations have evaluated how habitat type, grazing and substratum roughness separately affect the biomass, species richness and community structure of algal communities. However, how these factors act together remains poorly understood, particularly for sets of common and rare species. The latter is important for understanding whether common and rare species are affected differently by environmental filters at the local scale. We investigated the effects of mesohabitat type, grazer occurrence and substratum roughness as well as their interactions on benthic diatom communities in a split‐split‐plot field experiment consisting of hierarchical treatments: (i) mesohabitat (pools and riffles); (ii) grazer occurrence (presence or absence of grazers >1 cm in size); and (iii) substratum roughness (smooth and rough substrata). We analysed the entire community and also datasets of common and rare species. Here, we define common and rare species based on their abundance–occupancy relationships, with rare species presenting low mean abundance per experimental unit (between 0.025 and 8.2) and low occupancy (between 2.5% and 25%). Substratum roughness was the main factor explaining differences in species richness, with higher species richness found on rough than on smooth substrata for both the complete dataset and for common and rare species. There was evidence that the interactions between mesohabitat and grazer occurrence and between mesohabitat and substratum roughness affected community structure (relative abundances) for the complete dataset and for common species, whereas the three‐way interaction between mesohabitat, grazer and substratum roughness affected community structure of rare species. Our findings emphasise that crevices are important microhabitats that allow the establishment of both common and rare species. Furthermore, our results suggest that physical differences between mesohabitats influenced the effect of grazers on the community structure of common and rare species. For common species, the effects of this interaction were difficult to depict, but we found a change in the second‐most‐common species between mesohabitats and depending on the occurrence of grazers. For rare species, grazers more clearly affected community structure on smooth substrata in riffles than in pools. Our results demonstrate that local patterns of common and rare diatom species resulted from distinct combinations of the evaluated environmental filters. Together, our results highlight how multifactorial field experiments are key to understanding the main environmental filters driving the species richness and community structure of benthic diatom communities.

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Substrate homogenization affects survival and fitness in the lowland stream caddisflies Micropterna sequax and Potamophylax rotundipennis: a mesocosm experiment

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Connectivity and seasonality cause rapid taxonomic and functional trait succession within an invertebrate community after stream restoration

Connectivity and seasonality cause rapid taxonomic and functional trait succession within an invertebrate community after stream restoration

Basisafvoer verhogen : Factsheet KIWK

Effects of mesohabitat, grazing and substratum roughness on locally common and rare diatom species

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