Subsurface aeration of tidal wetland soils: Root-system structure and aerenchyma connectivity in Spartina (Poaceae)

Granse, Dirk; Titschack, Jürgen; Aïnouche, Malika L.; Jensen, Kai; Koop-Jakobsen, Ketil

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149771

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…GPP also has strong coupling and may suggest there is connectivity or flow between plant photoassimilates and methanogens in the rhizosphere, which increases with seasonal biomass development. We observed a 32‐day median lag time between GPP and effects on CH 4 flux, similar to the lag identified for temperature (35 days), which may indicate structural changes in the vegetation, such as the development of aerenchyma tissues, are responsible for the observed seasonal increase in CH 4 flux (Granse et al., 2022). Weaker couplings were associated with physical variables such as Patm, and lag times for these variables were much shorter.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Empirical Dynamic Modeling Reveals Complexity of Methane Fluxes in a Temperate Salt Marsh

Hill,

Schäfer,

Forbrich

et al. 2024

JGR Biogeosciences

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Methane dynamics within salt marshes are complex because vegetation types, temperature, oscillating water levels, and changes in salinity and redox conditions influence CH4 production, consumption, oxidation, and emissions. These non‐linear and complex interactions among variables affect the traditionally expected functional relationships and present challenges for interpreting and developing process‐based models. We employed empirical dynamic modeling (EDM) and convergent cross mapping (CCM) as a novel approach for characterizing seasonal/multiday and diurnal CH4 dynamics by inferring causal variables, lags, and interconnections among multiple biophysical variables within a temperate salt marsh using 5 years of eddy covariance data. EDM/CCM is a nonparametric approach capable of quantifying the coupling between variables while determining time scales where variable interactions are the most relevant. We found that gross primary productivity, tidal creek dissolved oxygen, and temperature were important for seasonal/multiday dynamics (rho = 0.73–0.80), while water level was most important for diurnal dynamics during both the growing and dormancy phenoperiods (rho = 0.72 and 0.56, respectively). Lags for the top‐ranked variables (i.e., gross primary productivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, water level) occurred between 1 and 5 weeks at the seasonal scale and 1–24 hr at the diurnal scale. The EDM had high prediction capabilities for intra‐/inter‐seasonal patterns and annual CH4 sums but had limitations in representing large, infrequent fluxes. Results highlight the importance of non‐linearity, drivers, lag times, and interconnections among multiple biophysical variables that regulate CH4 fluxes in tidal wetlands. This research introduces a novel approach to examining CH4 fluxes, which will aid in evaluating current paradigms in wetlands and other ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Empirical Dynamic Modeling Reveals Complexity of Methane Fluxes in a Temperate Salt Marsh

Hill,

Schäfer,

Forbrich

et al. 2024

JGR Biogeosciences

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“…A mesocosm study revealed that the stem density of S. alterniflora was correlated with CH 4 fluxes because of the stem's function as a conduit for CH 4 emissions (Cheng et al, 2007; Zhang et al, 2010). Invasive plants like S. alterniflora provide more conduits for CH 4 transport via the aerenchyma system, preventing CH 4 from oxidizing when it passes through aerobic surface layers of sediments (Bansal et al, 2020; Granse et al, 2022). Likewise, invasive Phalaris arundinacea and Telimena domingensis are found to have highly developed aerenchyma for CH 4 emission when compared with native plants (Chabbi et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐native plant invasion can accelerate global climate change by increasing wetland methane and terrestrial nitrous oxide emissions

Bezabih

Yuan

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Approximately 17% of the land worldwide is considered highly vulnerable to non‐native plant invasion, which can dramatically alter nutrient cycles and influence greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in terrestrial and wetland ecosystems. However, a systematic investigation of the impact of non‐native plant invasion on GHG dynamics at a global scale has not yet been conducted, making it impossible to predict the exact biological feedback of non‐native plant invasion to global climate change. Here, we compiled 273 paired observational cases from 94 peer‐reviewed articles to evaluate the effects of plant invasion on GHG emissions and to identify the associated key drivers. Non‐native plant invasion significantly increased methane (CH4) emissions from 129 kg CH4 ha−1 year−1 in natural wetlands to 217 kg CH4 ha−1 year−1 in invaded wetlands. Plant invasion showed a significant tendency to increase CH4 uptakes from 2.95 to 3.64 kg CH4 ha−1 year−1 in terrestrial ecosystems. Invasive plant species also significantly increased nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in grasslands from an average of 0.76 kg N2O ha−1 year−1 in native sites to 1.35 kg N2O ha−1 year−1 but did not affect N2O emissions in forests or wetlands. Soil organic carbon, mean annual air temperature (MAT), and nitrogenous deposition (N_DEP) were the key factors responsible for the changes in wetland CH4 emissions due to plant invasion. The responses of terrestrial CH4 uptake rates to plant invasion were mainly driven by MAT, soil NH4+, and soil moisture. Soil NO3−, mean annual precipitation, and N_DEP affected terrestrial N2O emissions in response to plant invasion. Our meta‐analysis not only sheds light on the stimulatory effects of plant invasion on GHG emissions from wetland and terrestrial ecosystems but also improves our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the responses of GHG emissions to plant invasion.

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“…Root traits interact within and between our four proposed categories, and alterations in these interactions can lead to variation in CH 4 emissions (Data S2). For example, increases in root system architectural traits (e.g., maximum rooting depth and rhizome length) could extend gas transport (Granse et al., 2022), rhizosphere acidification/alkalinization (Blossfeld et al., 2011; Blossfeld & Gansert, 2007), and distribution of phenolics, chelators and C substrates provided by roots (Holz et al., 2018). Root exudates may also induce changes in root branching and root system distribution via root‐root signaling (Caffaro et al., 2011; Depuydt, 2014).…”

Section: Categories Of Root Functions Relevant For Ch4mentioning

confidence: 99%

The hidden roots of wetland methane emissions

Määttä,

Malhotra

2024

Global Change Biology

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Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane (CH4) globally. Climate and land use change are expected to alter CH4 emissions but current and future wetland CH4 budgets remain uncertain. One important predictor of wetland CH4 flux, plants, play an important role in providing substrates for CH4‐producing microbes, increasing CH4 consumption by oxygenating the rhizosphere, and transporting CH4 from soils to the atmosphere. Yet, there remain various mechanistic knowledge gaps regarding the extent to which plant root systems and their traits influence wetland CH4 emissions. Here, we present a novel conceptual framework of the relationships between a range of root traits and CH4 processes in wetlands. Based on a literature review, we propose four main CH4‐relevant categories of root function: gas transport, carbon substrate provision, physicochemical influences and root system architecture. Within these categories, we discuss how individual root traits influence CH4 production, consumption, and transport (PCT). Our findings reveal knowledge gaps concerning trait functions in physicochemical influences, and the role of mycorrhizae and temporal root dynamics in PCT. We also identify priority research needs such as integrating trait measurements from different root function categories, measuring root‐CH4 linkages along environmental gradients, and following standardized root ecology protocols and vocabularies. Thus, our conceptual framework identifies relevant belowground plant traits that will help improve wetland CH4 predictions and reduce uncertainties in current and future wetland CH4 budgets.

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Subsurface aeration of tidal wetland soils: Root-system structure and aerenchyma connectivity in Spartina (Poaceae)

Cited by 15 publications

References 93 publications

Empirical Dynamic Modeling Reveals Complexity of Methane Fluxes in a Temperate Salt Marsh

Empirical Dynamic Modeling Reveals Complexity of Methane Fluxes in a Temperate Salt Marsh

Non‐native plant invasion can accelerate global climate change by increasing wetland methane and terrestrial nitrous oxide emissions

The hidden roots of wetland methane emissions

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