2010
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.06.005
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Subsurface detection of fossil fuel pollutants by photoionization and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

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Cited by 8 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…After the first penetration into the upper phase boundary of the source zone and its resulting carry‐over effect on the transfer line, gas samples at different depths are not representative for this depth. The concept of analyzing gas samples from different depths with sample loops, sorbent trapping or freeze trapping (Constanza and Davis 2000; Rogge et al 2001; Bronders et al 2009; Robbat et al 2010) to be able to characterize depth‐dependent substance distributions must therefore be seen as critical. Results obtained using the MIP system coupled with the mobile mass spectrometer showed that the superposition of substances is complex and nonlinear.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…After the first penetration into the upper phase boundary of the source zone and its resulting carry‐over effect on the transfer line, gas samples at different depths are not representative for this depth. The concept of analyzing gas samples from different depths with sample loops, sorbent trapping or freeze trapping (Constanza and Davis 2000; Rogge et al 2001; Bronders et al 2009; Robbat et al 2010) to be able to characterize depth‐dependent substance distributions must therefore be seen as critical. Results obtained using the MIP system coupled with the mobile mass spectrometer showed that the superposition of substances is complex and nonlinear.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This length was chosen to enforce the carry-over effect of the transfer line. However, investigating heated transfer line applications (Robbat et al 2010) is not the objective of this research. To obtain a realistic understanding of the relation between the time-dependent signals of the photoionization detector (PID) and the coupled mobile mass spectrometer, an A/D converter (NI 6216, National Instruments, Austin, Texas) with a high sampling rate (of 250 ms) is used.…”
Section: Membrane Interface Probementioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, a good alternative is a direct, fast detection of the VOC vapours using PID detectors. Thus, the efficiency of a PID-GC-MS system was confirmed (Robbat, Considine, & Antle, 2010). PID detector was able to detect the presence or absence of pollutants in real time, while GC-MS quantified the target components from samples in about 5 min.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 86%
“…Global decline in oil production and climate change due to pollutant emission are among the most important problems of liquid fossil fuels. Using renewable energy resources such as solar energy, wind energy, and hydroelectric power , is a strategy used to decrease the consumption rate of fossil fuels. Hydrogen has been referred to as another potential energy source. , However, there are significant economical and technological challenges involved in hydrogen storage, transportation, and utilization, which restrict the use of the fuel. , The essential disadvantages of the other sources of energy, some of which are mentioned above, have caused fossil fuels, especially liquid fossil fuels, to be still among the dominant sources of energy in the modern world. , Therefore, in the recent years, many companies and research projects, with the purpose of reaching higher efficiency and lower pollutant emissions, have been seeking methods to enhance the performance of devices which make use of liquid fossil fuels. Nanoparticles are small-scale particles of metals, oxides, carbides, nitrides, or carbon nanotubes with their typical size being smaller than 100 nm which, due to high surface area and catalytic activity, have recently attracted great interest. , Moreover, the physical properties of nanofluids can be extremely different from those of base fluids.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%