Subsyndromal depression among older adults in the USA: prevalence, comorbidity, and risk for new‐onset psychiatric disorders in late life

Laborde-Lahoz, Pilar; El‐Gabalawy, Renée; Kinley, Jolene; Kirwin, Paul D.; Sareen, Jitender; Pietrzak, Robert H.

doi:10.1002/gps.4204

Cited by 123 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Individuals with MDD represent the severe end of that spectrum, but examining trajectories of depression in the entire population will likely result in a more accurate representation of the true underlying continuum of the disorder. From a public health standpoint, subclinical depressive symptoms are relevant both because they predict future clinical illness (Horwath, Johnson, Klerman, & Weissman, 1994; Laborde-Lahoz et al, 2015; Pietrzak et al, 2013) and because they themselves are associated with significant morbidity (Chachamovich, Fleck, Laidlaw, & Power, 2008; Kang, Eno Louden, Ricks, & Jones, 2015) and negative outcomes (Allen, Chango, Szwedo, & Schad, 2014; Grabovich, Lu, Tang, Tu, & Lyness, 2010). In addition, studies of depressive symptom trajectories in general population samples of children and adolescents can speak to the role of depressive symptoms in normal child/adolescent development, something that studies restricted to patient samples would be unable to do.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity in long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms: Patterns, predictors and outcomes

Musliner

Munk‐Olsen

Eaton

et al. 2016

Journal of Affective Disorders

238

233

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Background-Evidence suggests that long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms vary greatly throughout the population, with some individuals experiencing few or no symptoms, some experiencing transient symptoms and others experiencing chronic depression. The goal of this paper was to review studies that examined heterogeneity in long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms and summarize the current knowledge regarding a) the number and patterns of trajectories and b) antecedents and outcomes associated with different trajectory patterns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity in long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms: Patterns, predictors and outcomes

Musliner

Munk‐Olsen

Eaton

et al. 2016

Journal of Affective Disorders

238

233

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“…Depressive disorders had greater comorbidity when bipolar [143,144] or “atypical”[145]. Disorders subtyped by full or partial criteria were met found that this did not affect comorbidity [52,146,147] or that those with partial criteria had intermediate likelihood of comorbidity [148,149], suggesting heterogeneity.…”

Section: Major Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) Waves 1 and 2: review and summary of findings

Hasin

Grant

2015

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

395

293

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Purpose The NESARC, a “third generation” psychiatric epidemiologic survey that integrated detailed measures of alcohol and drug use and problems, has been the data source for over >850 publications. A comprehensive review of NESARC findings and their implications is lacking. Method NESARC was a survey of 43,093 participants that covered alcohol, drug and psychiatric disorders, risk factors, and consequences. Wave 1 of the NESARC was conducted in 2001-2002. Three years later, Wave 2 follow-up re-interviews were conducted with 34,653 of the original participants. Scopus and Pubmed were used to search for NESARC papers, which were sorted into topic areas and summarized. Result The most common disorders were alcohol and post-traumatic stress disorders, and major depression. Females had more internalizing disorders and males had more externalizing disorders, although the preponderance of males with alcohol disorders (the “gender gap”) is less pronounced than it was in previous decades. A race/ethnic “paradox” (lower risk among disadvantaged minorities than whites) remains unexplained. Younger participants had higher risk for substance and personality disorders, but not unipolar depressive or anxiety disorders. Psychiatric comorbidity was extensive and often formed latent trans-diagnostic domains. Since 1991-1992, risk for marijuana and prescription drug disorders increased, while smoking decreased, although smoking decreases were less pronounced among those with comorbidity. A nexus of comorbidity, social support, and stress predicted transitions in diagnostic status between Waves 1 and 2. Childhood maltreatment predicted psychopathology. Alcohol and drug use disorders were seldom treated; attitudinal barriers (little perceived need, perceived alcoholism stigma, pessimism about efficacy) were more important in predicting non-treatment than financial barriers. Conclusions Understanding comorbidity and the effects of early stressors will require research incorporating biologic components, e.g., genetic variants and brain imaging. The lack of treatment for alcohol and drug disorders, predicted by attitudinal rather than financial variables, suggests urgent need for public and professional education to reduce the stigma associated with these disorders, and increase knowledge of treatment options.

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“…[3, 9] Furthermore, subsyndromal depressive symptoms confer a risk factor for new-onset mood disorders. [7, 10] However, in the literature, symptoms have received much less attention than a clinical diagnosis of MDD, and some have argued that subsyndromal depression in very old participants may be related to normal aging rather than pathology. [11] A recent study showed that depressive symptoms are associated with biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease among cognitively normal elderly participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12] In addition, investigators previously recommended dimensional approaches to assess subsyndromal depressive symptoms rather than categorical classifications. [10]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Thickness and Depressive Symptoms in Cognitively Normal Individuals: The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging

Pink

Przybelski

Krell‐Roesch

et al. 2017

JAD

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Altered cortical thickness has been observed in aging and various neuro-degenerative disorders. Furthermore, reduced hippocampal volume has been reported in late-life depression. Even mild depressive symptoms are common in the elderly. However, little is known about the structural MRI measures of depressive symptoms in normal cognitive aging. Thus we sought to examine the association between depressive symptoms with cortical thickness and hippocampal volume as measured by brain MRI among community-dwelling participants. We conducted a cross-sectional study derived from the ongoing population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, involving cognitively normal participants (N=1507) aged ≥ 70 years. We observed that depressive symptoms were associated with lower global cortical thickness and lower thickness in specific prefrontal and temporal cortical regions, labeled by FreeSurfer software, version 5.3. As expected, the strength of correlation was very small, given that participants were community-dwelling with only mild depressive symptoms. We did not observe associations between hippocampal volume and depressive symptoms. These findings may provide insight into the structural correlates of mild depressive symptoms in elderly participants.

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Subsyndromal depression among older adults in the USA: prevalence, comorbidity, and risk for new‐onset psychiatric disorders in late life

Cited by 123 publications

References 34 publications

Heterogeneity in long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms: Patterns, predictors and outcomes

Heterogeneity in long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms: Patterns, predictors and outcomes

The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) Waves 1 and 2: review and summary of findings

Cortical Thickness and Depressive Symptoms in Cognitively Normal Individuals: The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging

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