Subsyndromal depression in the elderly: underdiagnosed and undertreated

VanItallie, Theodore B.

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2005.01.012

Cited by 99 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The results of the present study show that although patients with depression were excluded, depressive symptoms may still be present, even more in the non-demented group. Indeed, depressive symptoms do occur in older persons without dementia, although often unrecognized [53] , and may cause an increase in pain experience [17] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Chronic Pain and Cognition in Cognitively Intact Older Persons and in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Brain areas that are involved in cognition and mood also play a role in pain processing. Objective: The goal of the present study was to examine the relationship between chronic pain and cognition [executive functions (EF) and memory], while controlling for mood, in cognitively intact older persons and in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Two groups of subjects participated: 20 older persons without dementia and 19 patients in an early stage of probable AD who suffered from arthrosis/arthritis. Pain intensity and pain affect were assessed by the Colored Analogue Scale for Pain Intensity and for Pain Affect, the Faces Pain Scale (FPS) and the Number of Words Chosen-Affective (NWC-A). Level of depression and anxiety were evaluated by questionnaires. EF and memory were assessed by neuropsychological tests. Results: The results show that significant correlations between specific cognitive functions, pain intensity and pain affect were lacking in the cognitively intact older persons. Cognition, in particular memory, appeared to be related to depressive symptoms. In contrast, a significant positive correlation was observed between EF, pain intensity and pain affect measured by the FPS in the AD group. Conclusions: Although older persons with depression were excluded, in studies on pain and cognition one should control for the presence of depressive symptoms in older persons with and without dementia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Chronic Pain and Cognition in Cognitively Intact Older Persons and in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Depression is frequent in older age and can cause significant discomfort even when depressive symptoms as assessed by screening tests do not fully meet diagnostic clinical criteria for depressive disorders [1] . A large literature from both animal and human studies suggests that activation of inflammatory pathways plays a major role in depression [2,3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Inflammatory Proteins and Risk of Incident Depression in the Elderly

Forti

Rietti

Pisacane

et al. 2010

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: It is unclear whether high levels of blood inflammatory proteins are associated with the risk of developing depression in late life. Methods: Blood C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, α₁-antichymotrypsin (ACT), intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and tumor necrosis factor α were measured in an elderly cohort (n = 968). Major depression diagnosed according to clinical criteria and relevant depressive symptoms measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale (score ≧10) were assessed at baseline and 4 year later. Results: Baseline IL-6 and ACT were increased in both prevalent major depression and relevant depressive symptoms. Baseline ACT was increased in incident major depression. All associations weakened below significance after adjustment for possible confounders and multiple comparisons. Conclusions: Blood inflammatory proteins do not predict the risk of developing depression in older age.

show abstract

“…People who have SSD have a five-anda-half-fold chance of developing MDD within 1 year compared with people who have none of the symptoms of MDD at all [41], and they also exhibit significantly greater levels of psychological disability, hopelessness and death ideation [42]. Other data suggest that patients with SSD 'are as ill as those with minor or major depression (in terms of) medical burden' [43: p. 214] and that SSD is prevalent, underdiagnosed and undertreated [44,45]. Although it was not an aim of the present study, the data regarding prevalence of clinically significant anxiety and depression call for a further careful consideration of the levels of subsyndromal anxiety and depression in this community sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and structure of anxiety-depression in an Australian community sample

Sharpley¹,

Bitsika²,

Jesulola³

et al. 2016

Arch Psych Psych

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryAims: To describe the prevalence and factor structure of anxiety-depression in a community sample and to derive indicators for treatment planning.Method: A sample of 398 members of the electoral roll for the New England region of Australia were recruited at random and completed the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Results:The prevalence of anxiety-depression was 28.1%, over twice that for either anxiety or depression alone. The anxiety-depression construct comprised four underlying factors: cognitive agitation and depressed mood, pessimism, cardiovascular reactivity, pain and sleep disturbance. There were different patterns of these four factors across anxiety-only, depression-only and combined anxiety-depression, with evidence of a unique symptomatological profile in participants with clinically significant levels of anxiety-depression. Conclusions:Treatment decisions for anxiety and depression need to go beyond consideration of the two disorders separately to include the underlying factor severity of the combined construct of anxiety-depression. community/mental health/factor analysis/anxiety-depression/anxiety-depression comorbidity Anxiety and depression are associated with increases in physical disease, relationship problems and cognitive difficulties [1] as well as elevated risk of suicide [2,3]. For example, anxiety can be a precursor of low-level illnesses acting via prolonged arousal of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis [4] and the cardiovascular, metabolic and immune systems [5]. Chronic anxiety has been demonstrated to precede emotional and behavioral problems such as demoralization, hostility and mistrust [6], impaired concentration, fatigue and confusion [7], and feelings of helplessness and depression [8]. It can also elevate the risk of physical problems such as coronary heart disease [9] and depletion of the immune system [10]. Depression is a major contributor to the total disease burden [11] and has greater adverse effects on personal health [12] and higher costs of care [13] than other chronic diseases. It is also associated with suicide in about 15% of all depressed patients [14] and carries a similar risk for mortality from all causes as does smoking, even when related health factors such as blood pressure, alcohol intake, cholesterol and social status are taken into account [15]. Recent meta-analytic data indicate that people with a mood disorder have a relative risk of mortality from all causes that is 1.86 times that for individuals without depression and that there are 2.74 million deaths annually from depression [16].

show abstract

Subsyndromal depression in the elderly: underdiagnosed and undertreated

Cited by 99 publications

References 28 publications

Relationship between Chronic Pain and Cognition in Cognitively Intact Older Persons and in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Relationship between Chronic Pain and Cognition in Cognitively Intact Older Persons and in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Blood Inflammatory Proteins and Risk of Incident Depression in the Elderly

Prevalence and structure of anxiety-depression in an Australian community sample

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About