Subtropical boll weevil ecology

Showler, Allan T.

doi:10.1093/ae/53.4.240

Cited by 42 publications

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“…Populations of boll weevil native from Mesoamerican region, for example, presented dormancy, characterized by a physiological state in which the insect does not feed or reproduce at all during the harsh winter (Showler 2007(Showler , 2009. In subtropical regions, under low temperate conditions during the winter, a minor portion of boll weevil population move into surrounding habitats where they survive and reproduce during the winter in small patches of cotton volunteer plants or survive feeding on other plants in the local vegetation in a stage of reproductive dormancy, especially in areas of citrus and cactus fruit, common in the region of Texas -USA (Spurgeon et al, 2003;Spurgeon and Raulston, 2006;Showler and Abrigo, 2007;Showler, 2009Showler, , 2012.…”

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confidence: 99%

Survival and preference of cotton boll weevil adults for alternative food sources

et al. 2016

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Plants that have potential as alternative food source (floral nectar, pollen and plant tissues) to the boll weevil during the intercropping season were evaluated considering the prevalent conditions of Cerrado in the Central Brazil. Initially, we tested the nutritional adequacy for the survival of the insect of flower resource (pollen and nectar) provided by eight plant species (fennel, mexican sunflower, castor bean, okra, hibiscus, sorghum, pigeonpea and sunn hemp). Subsequently, we tested if the resources provided by the selected plants continued to be exploited by the boll weevil in the presence of cotton plant, its main food source average longevity of boll weevil adults was significantly longer when they were fed on hibiscus' flowers (166.6 ± 74.4) and okra flowers (34.7 ± 28.9) than when they fed on flowers of other six species. Subsequently, the preference of the boll weevil in the use of resources was compared between okra or hibiscus and cotton plants, in dual choice experiments. Boll weevils preferred plants of the three species in the reproductive stages than those in vegetative stages. Although the cotton plant in the reproductive stage was the most preferred plant of all, boll weevils preferred flowering okra and hibiscus than cotton at the vegetative stage.Keywords: Anthonomus grandis, Malvacea, okra, hibiscus. Sobrevivência e preferência para exploração de recursos de adultos do bicudo do algodoeiro ResumoPlantas que podem ser uma fonte potencial de recursos alimentares (néctar floral, pólen e tecidos vegetais) para o bicudo do algodoeiro durante a entressafra foram avaliadas, considerando as condições ambientais prevalentes na região de Cerrado do Brasil Central. Primeiro, testamos a adequação nutricional dos recursos (pólen e néctar) fornecidos por oito espécies de plantas (erva-doce, margaridão, mamona, quiabo, hibisco, sorgo, feijão guandu e crotalária) como único recurso alimentar para a sobrevivência do inseto. Posteriormente, nós avaliamos se os recursos fornecidos pelas plantas selecionadas continuaram a serem explorados pelo bicudo na presença do algodoeiro, seu recurso alimentar principal. A longevidade média do bicudo do algodoeiro foi significativamente maior quando eles foram alimentados com flores de hibisco (166,6 ± 74,4) e quiabo (34,7 ± 28,9) do que quando alimentados com flores das outras seis espécies. Em seguida, a preferência do bicudo no uso de recursos foi comparada contrastando o quiabo e o hibisco com o algodão, em experimentos de dupla escolha. Os bicudos preferiram as plantas das três espécies na fase reprodutiva em relação àquelas em estádios vegetativos. Embora a preferência por plantas de algodão na fase reprodutiva tenha sido maior, os bicudos preferiram plantas em floração de quiabo e hibisco quando estas foram contrastadas com o algodão na fase vegetativa.

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confidence: 99%

Survival and preference of cotton boll weevil adults for alternative food sources

et al. 2016

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“…Insecticides were the only in-season control approach (Showler, 2007). Some growers sprayed 2-3 "pre-emptive" treatments starting at the "pinhead" square size (1-2-mm diameter) (Heilman et al 1979) followed by insecticide applications (often azinphosmethyl, cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, or oxamyl) whenever 10% of randomly selected medium (3-5.4-mm diameter) or large (5.5-8-mm diameter) squares (Showler, 2005; had oviposition punctures .…”

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“…Insecticides applied in the context of crop protection after cut-out (Guinn, 1986;Cothren, 1999), when bolls predominate, generally fail to measurably suppress boll weevil infestations Showler, 2008a). When cotton is forming medium and large squares, which are most vulnerable to and useful for boll weevil reproduction (Showler, 2004b), the 10% spray intervention threshold is compromised by variability in total numbers of squares over time (Showler, 2007). Declining abundance of squares coupled with surges in boll weevil populations contribute toward the likelihood of triggering interventions based on randomly sampled squares; hence, spraying later protects fewer and fewer squares (Showler, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…When cotton is forming medium and large squares, which are most vulnerable to and useful for boll weevil reproduction (Showler, 2004b), the 10% spray intervention threshold is compromised by variability in total numbers of squares over time (Showler, 2007). Declining abundance of squares coupled with surges in boll weevil populations contribute toward the likelihood of triggering interventions based on randomly sampled squares; hence, spraying later protects fewer and fewer squares (Showler, 2007). A better estimate of infestation would involve comparing numbers of oviposition-punctured squares to total squares within, for example, three-meter (or some other length) sections of rows (Showler, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Declining abundance of squares coupled with surges in boll weevil populations contribute toward the likelihood of triggering interventions based on randomly sampled squares; hence, spraying later protects fewer and fewer squares (Showler, 2007). A better estimate of infestation would involve comparing numbers of oviposition-punctured squares to total squares within, for example, three-meter (or some other length) sections of rows (Showler, 2007). In a study in south Texas, the standard approach, including three pre-emptive sprays, involved nine applications that failed to increase yield and economic return .…”

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See 2 more Smart Citations

The Conundrum of Chemical Boll Weevil Control in Subtropical Regions

Showler¹

2012

Insecticides - Pest Engineering

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Evaluation of hydrolytic enzyme activities from digestive fluids of Anthonomus grandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Guerrero

Salvador²,

Talia

2020

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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The cotton boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis, is a major pest of cotton crops in South America. In this work, partial biochemical characterizations of (hemi) cellulases and pectinases activities in the digestive system (head‐ and gut‐ extracts) of A. grandis were evaluated. Gut extract section from third instar larvae exhibited endoglucanase, xylanase, β‐glucosidase, and pectinase activities. The endoglucanase and xylanase activities were localized in the foregut, whereas β‐glucosidase activity was mainly detected in the hindgut. In addition, no difference in pectinase activity was observed across the gut sections. Thus, A. grandis digestive system is a potentially interesting reservoir for further lignocellulolytic enzymes research.

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Subtropical boll weevil ecology

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Survival and preference of cotton boll weevil adults for alternative food sources

Survival and preference of cotton boll weevil adults for alternative food sources

The Conundrum of Chemical Boll Weevil Control in Subtropical Regions

Evaluation of hydrolytic enzyme activities from digestive fluids of Anthonomus grandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

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