Subtypes of Rumination in Adolescence: Associations Between Brooding, Reflection, Depressive Symptoms, and Coping

Burwell, Rebecca A.; Shirk, Stephen R.

doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3601_6

Cited by 88 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Taken together, the evidence discussed above (see also Burwell & Shirk, 2007;Joormann, 2006) indicates that rumination and brooding in particular are associated with impairments and valence-specific biases in attentional control functions. It is interesting to note that, in most of the studies discussed below, the association between rumination and attentional control remained significant even when depression scores were controlled for.…”

Section: Rumination and Valence-specific Attentional Biasmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Understanding depressive rumination from a cognitive science perspective: The impaired disengagement hypothesis

Koster

Lissnyder

Derakshan

et al. 2011

Clinical Psychology Review

726

577

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Persisting negative thoughts are considered a hallmark feature of depression. Recent information-processing approaches have begun to uncover the underlying mechanisms of depressive rumination. Despite marked advances in this area, there is a lack of integration between psychopathology and cognitive (neuro)science research. We propose the "impaired disengagement" hypothesis as a unifying framework between both approaches. The core tenet of our model is that prolonged processing of self-referent material is due to impaired attentional disengagement from negative self-referent information. We discuss the empirical evidence for this framework and outline future ways in which the causal predictions of this model can be tested. The proposed framework can account for the effectiveness of various treatments for depression and may aid in devising new interventions to target depressive cognition.

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Section: Rumination and Valence-specific Attentional Biasmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Both rumination scales involve focusing on distress, but the brooding scale contains more self-critical, evaluative, and judgmental statements (Rude et al, 2007). Depression is specifically characterized by high levels of brooding (Burwell & Shirk, 2007;Joormann, Dkane, & Gotlib, 2006;Treynor et al, 2003).…”

Section: Ruminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding depressive rumination from a cognitive science perspective: The impaired disengagement hypothesis

Koster

Lissnyder

Derakshan

et al. 2011

Clinical Psychology Review

726

577

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Girls not only have an advantage with regard to biological and neuronal development, they have additionally been found to exhibit higher levels of self-reflection than boys (Burwell & Shirk, 2007). These gender differences in self-reflection could also explain gender differences in personality development.…”

Section: Gender Differences In Adolescent Personality Maturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since girls have been shown to exhibit higher levels of self-reflection in general (Burwell & Shirk, 2007), it is perhaps not too surprising that they exhibit higher levels of reflection on current commitments. Levels of rank-order stability for in-depth exploration were quite high, which…”

Section: Stability and Change In Identity Formation Through Adolescencementioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamics of personality and identity in adolescence

Klimstra

2012

European Journal of Developmental Psychology

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Portions of this chapter will be published as: Klimstra, T. A., Hale, W. W., Raaijmakers, Q. A. W., Branje, S. J. T., & Meeus, W. H. J. (in press). Personality assessment and maturation. In R. J. R. Levesque (Ed.), Encyclopedia of adolescence. Heidelberg, Germany: SpringerVerlag. General Introduction 12 Chapter 1. General introductionWhen persons describe themselves, they are typically referring to certain characteristics, such as "outgoing", "nervous", "messy", "friendly" and "creative". Exactly these kinds of characteristics define one's personality. In personality psychology, which focuses on individual differences in the just-mentioned characteristics, there has been a longstanding debate on what would be the most appropriate set of characteristics to describe people by. In the last twenty years, there has been a growing consensus on this issue, as a majority of researchers now agree that personality characteristics can be subsumed in five broad traits: the Big Five (Caspi, Roberts, & Shiner, 2005). These five broad factors are Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, and Openness to Experience (McCrae & Costa, 1987).Extraversion (as opposed to introversion) refers to being dominant, outgoing and energetic in interpersonal situations. Extraverted individuals tend to enjoy social attention and experience frequent positive moods. Agreeableness encompasses a wide range of characteristics that are all indicative of an individual's competence and willingness to maintain positive and reciprocal relationships with others; in other words, pro-social behavioral tendencies. Conscientiousness refers to personal characteristics indicative of behavioral and cognitive control. Conscientious individuals are neat, orderly, and responsible persons, who have little trouble with dividing their attention in an optimal way. Emotional Stability (as opposed to Neuroticism) is indicative of a person's ability to deal with negative emotions in an effective manner. A person with low levels of Emotional Stability is often insecure, has a tendency to experience negative moods, gets frustrated easily, and is commonly anxious. Openness to Experience refers to a person's style of dealing with new information and opportunities. It comprises aspects such as creativity, imagination, originality, and curiosity.Another aspect of the self that becomes more salient in adolescence is identity (Erikson, 1950(Erikson, , 1968. Identity has been conceptualized as "self-sameness and continuity to… the style of one's individuality, and that this style coincides with the sameness and continuity of one's meaning for significant others in the immediate community" (Erikson, 1968, p. 50).Although Erikson's (1950Erikson's ( , 1968 initial work on identity sparked an interest in research on the topic, it could not be directly translated into an empirically testable construct. To overcome this problem, Marcia (1966) elaborated on Erikson's work and developed the identity status paradigm. In this paradigm, the focus is on two key pro...

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“…Self-reflection is an activity closely related to learning and can be seen as a form of processing and responding to experiences of any kind [3]. In psychological therapy, self-reflection is used as an intervention to gain influence over pathological patterns and eventually break these patterns [1] [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZENse - Supporting Everyday Emotional Reflection

Löw

Gad-El-Hak

Ganhör

et al. 2015

Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2015

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Abstract. Healthcare benefited greatly from the trend of self-quantification. However, emotional states and psychological health are more elusive and defy description by simple sensor data. In this paper we show how a user oriented design process resulted in ZENse, a wearable prototype for digitally supporting ideas of Positive Psychology, a psychological approach to help patients with mental disorders. A conducted user study shows promising results on the idea and the design. Despite it being only a small explorative study with healthy participants, we found that the prototype triggers situations and interactions that are known to have a beneficial effect on mental well-being.

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Subtypes of Rumination in Adolescence: Associations Between Brooding, Reflection, Depressive Symptoms, and Coping

Cited by 88 publications

References 48 publications

Understanding depressive rumination from a cognitive science perspective: The impaired disengagement hypothesis

Understanding depressive rumination from a cognitive science perspective: The impaired disengagement hypothesis

The dynamics of personality and identity in adolescence

ZENse - Supporting Everyday Emotional Reflection

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