Success with pedigreed reds, by Mrs. H. A. Daniels ... illustrated by J. A. Quinn.

The temperature dependence of dielectric properties and electrical conduction of (Sr 1Ϫ1.5x Bi x )TiO 3 (0.0133рxр0.133) was measured from 10 to 800 K. Three sets of oxygen vacancies related dielectric peaks ͑peaks A, B, and C) were observed. These peaks could be greatly suppressed or eliminated by annealing the samples in an oxidizing atmosphere, and enhanced or recreated by annealing in a reducing atmosphere. The results show that the Maxwell-Wagner polarization is not the main mechanism, and the Skanavi's model also cannot be directly applied. A tentative explanation was suggested. Peak A, observed in the temperature range of 100-350 K with the activation energy for dielectric relaxation E relaxA ϭ0.32-0.49 eV, is attributed to the coupling effect of the conduction electrons with the motion of the off-centered Bi and Ti ions; the conduction carriers in this temperature range are from the first ionization of oxygen vacancies (V o ). Peaks B and C are also discussed.

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“…͑8a͒. 29 This indicates that in this temperature range, the free conduction electrons result from the first-ionization of oxygen vacancies.…”

Section: Peak A: Dielectric Relaxation In the Temperature Range 100-3mentioning

confidence: 92%

Oxygen-vacancy-related low-frequency dielectric relaxation and electrical conduction inBi:SrTiO

2000

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“…12 Taking these calculations as a basis, Koschek and Kubalek 5 have identified the origin of the four different CL bands experimentally observed in BaTiO 3 , according to the dependence of the luminescence intensity on the oxygen partial pressure of the fabrication atmosphere. Electronic transitions and their associated band scheme have been theoretically calculated for BaTiO 3 by Daniels and Haerdtl.…”

Section: A CL Spectrum Of Batio 3 Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromechanical analysis of fracture and domain switching in barium titanate single crystal using cathodoluminescence piezospectroscopy

Yamashita

Sakakibara

Yamamoto

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Physics

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It is shown that the combination of scanning electron microscopy and spectral cathodoluminescence ͑CL͒ can be a very valuable tool for analyzing the presence of applied or residual stress fields in barium titanate ͑BaTiO 3 ͒ single crystal. This may enable a direct experimental confirmation of some important aspects of existing theories of domain switching and its effect on the fracture behavior of piezoelectric ceramics. The visible CL spectrum of BaTiO 3 single crystal was first systematically collected as a function of crystallographic orientation and the observed bands assigned to proper transitions in the energy gap, according to existing theories on band schemes. Moreover, in agreement with general piezospectroscopic rules, a definite correlation between the spectral wavelength of the visible CL spectrum, mainly arising from the optical activity of O and Ba vacancies, and the local trace of the stress tensor could be observed. The found correlation suggests the possibility of quantitatively characterizing the magnitude of residual stress fields in BaTiO 3 with a submicrometric spatial resolution, thus clarifying the stress state piled up in BaTiO 3 devices during the manufacturing process or those developed during operative life.

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“…͑3͒ was reported to be 0.1 eV. [15][16][17] In this work, for the samples set at low-resistance state, the obtained activation energy of 0.093 eV in the low temperature region indicates that at room temperature, the first ionization of oxygen vacancies is responsible for the conduction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Conduction behavior change responsible for the resistive switching as investigated by complex impedance spectroscopy

Xia

Liu

Wang

et al. 2007

Applied Physics Letters

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Success with pedigreed reds, by Mrs. H. A. Daniels ... illustrated by J. A. Quinn.

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Oxygen-vacancy-related low-frequency dielectric relaxation and electrical conduction inBi:SrTiO

Oxygen-vacancy-related low-frequency dielectric relaxation and electrical conduction inBi:SrTiO

Micromechanical analysis of fracture and domain switching in barium titanate single crystal using cathodoluminescence piezospectroscopy

Conduction behavior change responsible for the resistive switching as investigated by complex impedance spectroscopy

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