“…In fact, the outcomes of ABO-I LT have markedly improved since 2000 due to effective DSZ strategies, including plasma exchange, LIT, splenectomy, and rituximab, and success is now similar to that of ABO-C LT [3,4]. LIT was first introduced by the Keio and Kyoto groups with the aim of preventing local intravascular coagulation in the liver by direct infusion of anti-inflammatory agents, such as steroids or prostacyclin, through the hepatic artery or portal vein, and resulted in improved survival rates in patients receiving ABO-I LDLT [10,11]. However, LIT does not prevent the fundamental antibody-mediated immunological reaction, and in fact has a negative impact on the outcome in ABO-I LDLT because it is associated with a higher incidence of catheter-related complications, such as vascular thrombosis, sepsis, bleeding, and catheter dislocation [2,7].…”