Successful treatment of acute experimental toxoplasmosis by spiramycin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles

Hagras, Nancy Abd-elkader; Allam, Amal Farahat; Farag, H.A.; Osman, Mohamed; Shalaby, Thanaa I.; Mogahed, Nermine Mogahed Fawzy Hussein; Tolba, Mona Mohamed; Shehab, Amel Youssef

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107717

Cited by 40 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Many studies have proven the therapeutic effectiveness of CS NPs against many protozoa, besides their use as vehicles to deliver anti-parasitic drugs to improve their e cacy. It is successfully used as anti-Cryptosporidium, anti-Trypanosoma, anti-Leishmania, anti-Plasmodium and anti-Toxoplasma in vivo and in vitro studies [Tripathy et al 2012 The present study is a continuation of our previous work that was conducted by Hagras et al [2019], who reported that spiramycin-CS NPs formulation revealed the highest therapeutic outcome in acute experimental toxoplasmosis treatment compared to CS NPs, spiramycin and spiramycin co-administered with metronidazole. This study was designed to investigate the effect of these drugs on the parasite burden and pathological changes in the liver, spleen and brain in T. gondii [RH strain] infected Swiss albino mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Remarkable Histopathological Improvement of Experimental Toxoplasmosis Treated with Spiramycin-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles

Allam¹,

Hagras²,

Farag³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The present study investigated the anti-Toxoplasma effect of chitosan nanoparticles [CS NPs], spiramycin, spiramycin co-administered with metronidazole and spiramycin-CS NPs formulation on the parasite burden and histopathological changes in the liver, spleen and brain in experimentally infected mice. Seventy male Swiss albino mice were classified into seven equal groups: healthy control (I), infected untreated control (II), infected group receiving CS NPs (III), spiramycin administered infected group (IV), infected group receiving spiramycin-metronidazole (V), infected receiving 400 mg/kg spiramycin-CS NPs (VI) and infected treated with spiramycin-loaded CS NPs 100 mg/kg (VII). All groups were inoculated intraperitoneally with 2500 T. gondii tachyzoites RH strain except the healthy control group. All groups were sacrificed on the 8th day after infection. Density of the parasite and histopathological examination of the liver, spleen and brain of all treated mice revealed reduction in the mean tachyzoites count as well as decreased inflammation, congestion and necrosis within tissue sections. Spiramycin-loaded NPs displayed the highest significant reduction in the pathological insult tailed by spiramycin-metronidazole and CS NPs. In conclusion, spiramycin-loaded CS NPs showed a promising synergistic combination in the treatment of the histopathology caused by toxoplasmosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Remarkable Histopathological Improvement of Experimental Toxoplasmosis Treated with Spiramycin-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles

Allam¹,

Hagras²,

Farag³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…However, both reset al (2005) in Be lgrade who used type-1 (RH) or type-2 (Me49) strain of T. gondii and found that mice treated with spiramycin at 100 &20 mg/kg for a week showed a limited effect without ability to prevent the infected mice death. Nevertheless, Hagras et al (2019) in Egypt who found highest efficiency reduction in tachyzoites number in spiramycinloaded chitosan nanoparticles treated RH strain infected mice. They concluded that the non-toxic nature and the anti-parasitic effect of both spiramycin-metronidazole and spiramycin-loaded chitosan (CS) and spiramycin recommended the use of spiramycinloaded CS NPs a potential drug for the treatment of human toxoplasmosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Assessment of Possible Synergistic Effect of Bisphosphonates and Statins in Murine Experimental Toxoplasmosis Gondii

Mohamed

Younis

Zalat

et al. 2021

Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology

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This open new horizons for drug repositioning to standard used drugs in treatment of acute toxoplasmosis. This study was conducted on 70 male Albino mice in Theodore Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI) to evaluate the possible synergistic effect of risedronate sodium (Bisphosphonates) combination with atorvastatin (statins) on acute Toxoplasma gondii (RH strain) infected mice versus the drug spiramycin (macrolides). Drug combination was used in two doses: the first combined dosage was 0.01mg/kg/day risedronate sodium and 1.25mg/kg/ day atorvastatin (G B+S1) and the second one was 0.2mg/kg/day risedronate sodium and 20 mg/kg/day atorvastatin (G B+S2) and each drug of them was also used alone at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg/day for risedronate sodium (G B) and 40mg/kg/day for atorvastatin (G S) in comparison to spiramycin (G M) which was used at a dose of 200mg/kg/day.Microscopy examination by Giemsa stained of peritoneal exudate from T. gondii infected mice showed reduction in number of Toxoplasma tachyzoites to 86.28% on the 5 th day post infection (G B+S1), 98.35% in (G B+S2), 98.27% in (G B) and 85.03% in (G S) and spiramycin treated mice with reduction of 93.66%. Histopathological examination of liver sections collected from infected mice showed remarked significant improvement in mice treated with combined of risedronate sodium and atorvastatin.

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“…Evaluation of spiramycin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles was conducted in two separated in vivo studies. Efficacy of treatment was assessed using parasitology and histopathology techniques that the findings showed increased anti-parasitic effects of spiramycin on acute and chronic toxoplasmosis in mice (Etewa et al 2018;Hagras et al 2019) (Table 1).…”

Section: Nano Based Drug Delivery Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling Toxoplasma treatment: conventional drugs toward nanomedicine

Azami

Rahimi

Mirjalali

et al. 2021

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide protozoan parasite that infects almost all warm-blooded animals. Although human toxoplasmosis is mostly latent, pregnant women and immunocompromised patients need effective treatment. There are drugs of choice for treatment of toxoplasmosis; however, due to their side effects and/or their disease stage-specificity, prescription of them is limited. During recent years, nanomedicine has been employed to overcome limitations of conventional drugs. Here, we provided a state-of-the-art review of experimental toxoplasmosis treatment using nanotechnology.

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Successful treatment of acute experimental toxoplasmosis by spiramycin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles

Cited by 40 publications

References 31 publications

Remarkable Histopathological Improvement of Experimental Toxoplasmosis Treated with Spiramycin-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles

Remarkable Histopathological Improvement of Experimental Toxoplasmosis Treated with Spiramycin-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles

Assessment of Possible Synergistic Effect of Bisphosphonates and Statins in Murine Experimental Toxoplasmosis Gondii

Unravelling Toxoplasma treatment: conventional drugs toward nanomedicine

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