Successful treatment of AIDS-related cryptosporidial sclerosing cholangitis

Cryptosporidium parvum-Specific CD4 Th1 Cells from Sensitized Donors Responding to Both Fractionated and Recombinant Antigenic Proteins

“…To date, no specific or effective therapy for cryptosporidiosis has been developed, although some anticryptosporidial effects have been observed for the aminoglycoside paromomycin (6,11,19) as well as for azithromycin and nitazoxamide (2,13,37). Indinavir, a protease inhibitor that is included as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy for persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus, has also shown a direct anticryptosporidial effect (29).…”

Gallbladder Cryptosporidiosis in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

“…3 Cryptosporidiosis infection is present in 6% of all patients with AIDS and 21% of those with diarrhea. 4,5 Infection in humans is usually with Cryptosporidium parvum. 6 When the encysted cryptosporidia are ingested, after exposure to acid in the stomach and digestive enzymes in the proximal duodenum, sporozoites are released from the exocyst.…”

Mature T‐cell leukemias

“…Targeted treatment against C. parvum, Microsporidium , or cytomegalovirus does not alter cholangiographic abnormalities, nor does it improve symptoms 96, 98. For abdominal pain refractory to endoscopic therapy, a CT‐guided celiac plexus block may be effective 99. Treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid is associated with improved liver biochemistry, and a small percentage of patients experience symptomatic relief 100…”