Successful treatment of cervical spinal epidural empyema secondary to grass awn migration in a cat

Granger, Nicolas; Hidalgo, A.; Leperlier, Dimitri; Gnirs, Kirsten; Thibaud, Jean-Laurent; Delisle, F.; Blot, Stéphane

doi:10.1016/j.jfms.2007.01.004

Cited by 38 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These rare conditions have the potential to cause severe myelopathy in dogs and cats. [13][14][15][16][17] The term abscess is most commonly used in human medicine, whereas the term empyema has been used more commonly in companion animals and is often used to describe both conditions. Differentiating between an abscess and empyema may be difficult without histologic confirmation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical management of spinal epidural empyema in five dogs

Monteiro

Gallucci

Rousset³

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical management of spinal epidural empyema in five dogs

Monteiro

Gallucci

Rousset³

et al. 2016

javma

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“…Spinal epidural empyema is characterised by the aggregation of pus or inflammatory granulation tissue between the bony vertebral column and the underlying dura mater (Sendi and others 2008). Spinal epidural empyema is rare in human beings and, similarly, has rarely been reported in the veterinary literature (Remedios and others 1996, Dewey and others 1998, Jerram and Dewey 1998, Cherrone and others 2002, Lavely and others 2006, Granger and others 2007). The classic signs are pyrexia, spinal pain and neurological deficiencies.…”

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confidence: 97%

Spinal osteomyelitis and epidural empyema in a dog due to migrating conifer material

2010

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MIGRATION of foreign bodies to the lumbar spine has been reported in dogs but is uncommon (Johnston and Summers 1971, Brennan andIhrke 1983). When identified, the foreign body has invariably been a grass awn. Inhalation followed by migration via the pleural space, and ingestion and transabdominal migration, have been proposed as modes by which foreign material may reach the lumbar spine (Johnston and Summers 1971, Frendin and others 1999). This short communication describes a case of sudden-onset paraparesis due to a septic focus associated with the migration of a large sprig of conifer to the lumbar vertebral canal of a dog.A four-year-old female neutered dobermann was referred for evaluation of acute-onset non-ambulatory pelvic limb paresis. Patellar, panniculus and pelvic limb withdrawal reflexes were considered normal, as was pedal sensation. The thoracic limbs were neurologically normal. Bladder control at presentation was not determined. The dog was normothermic. The dog had a history of short episodes of intermittent lethargy and suspected back pain over two years, which had previously responded to antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug treatment. The most recent episode had occurred 10 days before presentation, and had rapidly responded to medical treatment, with the owner reporting a return to normal within seven days.Radiographs of the thoracolumbar spine were obtained under general anaesthesia. There was profuse ventral spondylosis involving L2 and L3, an irregularly widened L2-L3 intervertebral disc space and variable radiopacity, including multiple punctate lucencies and sclerosis, of the involved vertebral bodies (Fig 1a). These findings were suggestive of persistent osteomyelitis of the vertebral bodies L2 and L3 and associated chronic discospondylitis. Lumbar myelography was performed by injection of 6 ml iohexol (Omnipaque; GE Healthcare) via lumbar puncture at L5-L6. There were multifocal mild deviations in the left and right contrast columns (on a ventrodorsal view) and a major deviation of the right contrast column towards the midline at the level of L2-L3 (Fig 1b).A right-sided hemilaminectomy centred over the L2-L3 intervertebral disc was performed. Perioperatively, 140 mg carprofen (Rimadyl; Pfizer) and 700 mg cefazolin (Kefzol; Lilly) were administered intravenously. Intravenous fluid therapy with lactated Ringer's solution (Aqupharm No11; Animalcare) was administered at a rate of 10 ml/kg/hour throughout the procedure. As the inner periosteum was incised, purulent fluid exuded from the epidural space. A layer of granulation tissue 2 to 3 mm thick covered the dural sac. The bone of the vertebral body of L2 was soft and contained a cavity 20 mm in diameter, which was explored with a small probe. A large sprig of plant material, approximately 25 mm in length (Fig 2), was retrieved from the defect. Tissue from the cavity was collected and submitted for histopathology and bacterial culture and sensitivity testing. The wound was closed routinely and the dog recovered from anaesthesia uneventful...

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“…Successful medical management has been recently described in veterinary medicine suggesting that non-surgical treatment should also be considered (Granger and others 2007, Escriou and others 2011, Song and others 2015, Monteiro and others 2016). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful medical management of an epidural abscess in a dog

Romero-Fernandez

José-López

Durand

et al. 2017

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A seven‐month‐old entire male dobermann presented with acute onset neck pain and left thoracic limb lameness. The dog had a similar episode eight weeks before presentation that responded to meloxicam. A cervical spinal epidural abscess secondary to Staphylococcus pseudintermedius bacteraemia was diagnosed following investigations, including MRI of the cervical vertebral column and blood cultures. Treatment with cephalexin, gabapentin and meloxicam was started. The dog was doing clinically well one month later. A control MRI and radiographs of the cervical vertebral column showed evidence of discospondylitis and resolution of the primary lesion, therefore the treatment course with cephalexin was continued. Three months after initial presentation the clinical signs had resolved, radiographs showed improvement of the discospondylitis and antibiotics were stopped. Seven months later the dog continued doing well with no relapse.

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Successful treatment of cervical spinal epidural empyema secondary to grass awn migration in a cat

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Medical management of spinal epidural empyema in five dogs

Medical management of spinal epidural empyema in five dogs

Spinal osteomyelitis and epidural empyema in a dog due to migrating conifer material

Successful medical management of an epidural abscess in a dog

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