Succession of mycorrhizal fungi on birch: infection of seedlings planted around mature trees

Fleming, L. V.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-6833-2_26

Cited by 43 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Strictly speaking, the present results merely show that the same EM fungal species were present on seedlings and trees and cannot be used to deduce the origins of the colonizing species. However, other studies suggest that mycelial spread, owing to the carbohydrate support from the trees, is the most important avenue of colonization in forests and that colonization rarely occurs via spores (Fleming, 1983 ;cf. Newton, 1992 ;Smith & Read, 1997).…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 ; Table 3). Fleming (1983Fleming ( , 1984 was the first to stress that seedlings around trees are colonized by EM fungi typical of the old trees. Thereafter, several studies using baiting seedlings have confirmed this to be a general pattern (Fleming et al, 1986 ;Dahlberg & Stenstro$ m, 1991 ;Newton, 1991 ;Simard et al, 1997b ;Ka/ re!…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smith & Read, 1997). Seedlings around trees are colonized by EM fungi typically found in adult trees (Fleming, 1983(Fleming, , 1984. It has been suggested that the EM fungi colonizing roots in natural communities originate from the mycelial network in forest soil more frequently than from spores (cf.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Robertson, 1954 ;Deacon et al, 1983 ;Read & Birch, 1988 ;Deacon & Fleming, 1992 ;Newton, 1992 ;Dahlberg & Stenlid, 1995 ;Dahlberg, 1997 ;Simard et al, 1997b). Exploring mycelia from mycorrhizas have a significantly higher potential to colonize emerging root-tips than mycelia from spores, because of the carbohydrate support that they receive from trees (Fleming, 1983).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in self‐regenerating boreal Pinus sylvestris forests studied by comparing mycobiont diversity on seedlings and mature trees

et al. 1999

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Seedlings and old trees of Scots pine in self-regenerating, old, virgin boreal forest in northern Sweden were compared in terms of the species composition of their associated ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi. The natural regeneration of seedlings was mimicked by annual seeding for 10 yr (1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995) in intact field vegetation at three sites. In 1995, all seedlings were harvested, and 171 were examined for mycorrhizas. Twenty-five soil cores were taken in order to study the mycorrhizas on the established trees. Most short roots were mycorrhizal. Using mycorrhizal morphology and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) analysis, we were able to distinguish 43 ectomycorrhizal taxa. Fourteen of these taxa were identified using a sporocarp and mycelial culture based internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-RFLP reference database, and another three were identified by mycorrhizal morphology. Cenococcum geophilum, Piloderma croceum and Suillus variegatus were present on the seedlings, irrespective of age, as well as on the old trees. At one forest, 23 ectomycorrhizal taxa were found as mycorrhizas, of which 10 occurred on both seedlings and old trees. These 10 species accounted for 92 and 73% of the mycorrhizas on the seedlings and old trees, respectively. A 3-yr survey of ectomycorrhizal sporocarps at the same site revealed 62 EM taxa. The degree of similarity between the composition of EM species reflected by sporocarps and by mycorrhizas, was low. Ectomycorrhizal species present in our ITS-RFLP database constituted 7.5-19% of the mycorrhizas on seedlings and old trees, whereas they constituted 80-95% of the total production of epigeous sporocarps. The unidentified taxa comprised 70-87% of the mycorrhizas. Our findings support the view that the species composition of mycorrhizas colonizing naturally regenerated seedlings in forests is similar to that of mycorrhizas colonizing surrounding trees. We suggest that the concept of the mycelial network be expanded in order to embrace both the significance of interconnections between different trees as well as the continuity or perpetuation of EM fungal communities.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in self‐regenerating boreal Pinus sylvestris forests studied by comparing mycobiont diversity on seedlings and mature trees

et al. 1999

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“…Inhibition of this process in the presence of metal contamination might therefore significantly affect the adaptation of forest ecosystems to anthropogenic contamination. Crosscolonization is also important in maintaining ECM colonization on plants because this can change temporally with a succession from early-stage to late-stage fungi (Fleming, 1983 ;Gibson & Deacon, 1988). The physiological reasons for these successions have still to be determined, but it is suggested that the C supply provided by plants of differing ages might be important (Gibson & Deacon, 1990 ;Smith & Read, 1997).…”

Section: Cross-colonization By Paxillus Involutusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross‐colonization of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus in the presence of inhibitory levels of Cd and Zn

Hartley¹,

Cairney²,

Meharg³

1999

New Phytologist

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The effects of Cd and Zn on cross-colonization by Paxillus involutus of Scots pine seedlings was examined by using pairs of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and non-mycorrhizal (NM) seedlings grown in the same vessel. This was done to assess, first, the ability of P. involutus to colonize NM Scots pine seedlings by growth from colonized roots of other Scots pine seedlings in the presence of Cd or Zn, and, second whether ECM colonization of Scots pine by P. involutus provided a competitive advantage over NM seedlings. Ectomycorrhizal colonization of Scots pine was shown to be more sensitive than Scots pine itself to Cd and Zn, but prior colonization did provide a competitive advantage with respect to biomass production. This beneficial effect over NM seedlings was, however, equal in the control, Cd and Zn treatments, and was due simply to growth stimulation in the presence of ECM colonization. Cross-colonization from an ECM to a NM seedling was reduced but not prevented by Cd and Zn. Cd had a more negative effect on cross-colonization than on initial colonization of seedlings, whereas Zn had an equally inhibitory effect on both parameters. These results have important implications for plant establishment on metalcontaminated sites. If cross-colonization between plants is reduced by toxic metals, plant establishment on contaminated sites might be retarded.

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Mycorrhiza — The State of the Art

Read

1999

Mycorrhiza

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Succession of mycorrhizal fungi on birch: infection of seedlings planted around mature trees

Cited by 43 publications

References 5 publications

Continuity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in self‐regenerating boreal Pinus sylvestris forests studied by comparing mycobiont diversity on seedlings and mature trees

Continuity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in self‐regenerating boreal Pinus sylvestris forests studied by comparing mycobiont diversity on seedlings and mature trees

Cross‐colonization of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus in the presence of inhibitory levels of Cd and Zn

Mycorrhiza — The State of the Art

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