Sudden death in eating disorders

Jáuregui, Beatriz; Jáuregui‐Lobera, Ignacio

doi:10.2147/vhrm.s28652

Cited by 69 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…In AN, the neuroendocrine alterations are also accompanied by autonomic dysfunctions like lower blood pressure values, lack of circadian variation of blood pressure and bradycardia (Oswiecimska et al, 2007). Thus, ghrelin might participate in AN to the cardiovascular complications observed in AN (Casiero and Frishman, 2006; Jáuregui-Garrido and Jáuregui-Lobera, 2012), but no studies currently display any correlation between these cardiovascular risks and the high plasma levels of ghrelin.…”

Section: Ghrelin a Key Energy Balance Hormone: Role In Anorexia Nervosamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin: Central and Peripheral Implications in Anorexia Nervosa

Méquinion¹,

Langlet²,

Zgheib³

et al. 2013

Front. Endocrinol.

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Increasing clinical and therapeutic interest in the neurobiology of eating disorders reflects their dramatic impact on health. Chronic food restriction resulting in severe weight loss is a major symptom described in restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN) patients, and they also suffer from metabolic disturbances, infertility, osteopenia, and osteoporosis. Restrictive AN, mostly observed in young women, is the third largest cause of chronic illness in teenagers of industrialized countries. From a neurobiological perspective, AN-linked behaviors can be considered an adaptation that permits the endurance of reduced energy supply, involving central and/or peripheral reprograming. The severe weight loss observed in AN patients is accompanied by significant changes in hormones involved in energy balance, feeding behavior, and bone formation, all of which can be replicated in animals models. Increasing evidence suggests that AN could be an addictive behavior disorder, potentially linking defects in the reward mechanism with suppressed food intake, heightened physical activity, and mood disorder. Surprisingly, the plasma levels of ghrelin, an orexigenic hormone that drives food-motivated behavior, are increased. This increase in plasma ghrelin levels seems paradoxical in light of the restrained eating adopted by AN patients, and may rather result from an adaptation to the disease. The aim of this review is to describe the role played by ghrelin in AN focusing on its central vs. peripheral actions. In AN patients and in rodent AN models, chronic food restriction induces profound alterations in the « ghrelin » signaling that leads to the development of inappropriate behaviors like hyperactivity or addiction to food starvation and therefore a greater depletion in energy reserves. The question of a transient insensitivity to ghrelin and/or a potential metabolic reprograming is discussed in regard of new clinical treatments currently investigated.

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Section: Ghrelin a Key Energy Balance Hormone: Role In Anorexia Nervosamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin: Central and Peripheral Implications in Anorexia Nervosa

Méquinion¹,

Langlet²,

Zgheib³

et al. 2013

Front. Endocrinol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Sudden cardiac death is a leading cause of premature death among eating disorder patients (Jáuregui-Garrido & Jáuregui-Lobera, 2012). A reliable marker is necessary in order to identify at-risk patients and prevent subsequent adverse cardiac events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eating disorders are associated with serious medical complications and premature death from a myriad of causes (Jáuregui-Garrido & Jáuregui-Lobera, 2012). A high percent of premature deaths are linked to adverse cardiovascular events, including cardiac arrhythmias which precipitate sudden cardiac death (Jáuregui-Garrido & Jáuregui-Lobera, 2012;Takimoto, Yoshiuchi, & Akabayashi, 2008). Predicting adverse cardiac events in this population is difficult.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cardiac Risk and Disordered Eating: Decreased R Wave Amplitude in Women with Bulimia Nervosa and Women with Subclinical Binge/Purge Symptoms

Green

Rogers

Nguyen

et al. 2016

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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The purpose of the present study was threefold. First, we examined whether women with bulimia nervosa (n = 12) and women with subthreshold binge/purge symptoms (n = 20) showed decreased mean R wave amplitude, an indicator of cardiac risk, on electrocardiograph compared to asymptomatic women (n = 20). Second, we examined whether this marker was pervasive across experimental paradigms, including before and after sympathetic challenge tasks. Third, we investigated behavioural predictors of this marker, including binge frequency and purge frequency assessed by subtype (dietary restriction, excessive exercise, self-induced vomiting, and laxative abuse). Results of a 3 (ED symptom status) × 5 (experimental condition) mixed factorial ANCOVA (covariates: body mass index, age) indicated women with bulimia nervosa and women with subclinical binge/purge symptoms demonstrated significantly reduced mean R wave amplitude compared to asymptomatic women; this effect was pervasive across experimental conditions. Multiple regression analyses showed binge and purge behaviours, most notably laxative abuse as a purge method, predicted decreased R wave amplitude across all experimental conditions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.

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“…No suicide cases were identified in our study, which was probably because the population included inpatients only. Few studies have suggested the possibility of sepsis-induced death in ED patients [16,17]. Furthermore, a previous review indicated that IVH was not associated with an increase in sepsis compared with EN [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%