Sugar Decolorization through Selective Adsorption onto Functionalized Accurel Hydrophobic Polymeric Support

Abstract

The functionalized polypropylene-based hydrophobic Accurel products were probed for their use in sugar decolorization. The pore distribution of Accurel products falls between the macroporous and mesoporous domains. Their specific surface areas are typically in the range S BET = 20–35 m2/g. Commercial decolorizing activated charcoal and ion-exchange resin (Indion 803-S) were chosen for comparison with the Accurel products. The adsorption capacities of the characterized adsorbents were found to be comparable to those of adsorbents currently used for sugar refining. Geometrical optimization was performed at the density functional theory (DFT) level to gain insight into the mode of interaction between the quaternary ammonium cation containing methyl groups attached to the nitrogen center. The alkyl chain can be assumed as the bulky surface on which the quaternary ammonium nitrogen was attached. The electrostatic potential surface of the ammonium cation indicates that methyl groups are bulky enough to resist the attack of the carboxylate anion of the phenolics on the nitrogen center. However, there are possibilities for hydrophobic interactions between the methyl functional group and phenolic acids. Urea, a hydrogen-bond breaker, reduced the decolorizing efficiency, suggesting hydrophobic adsorption. In this article, we describe a new sugar decolorization process for application in sugar refineries. It is our view that the information contained herein will be useful for designing sugar decolorization units.

Potential of powdered activated mustard cake for decolorising raw sugar

“…Carbon decolorisation is now customary in the food processing industries, such as sugar refining and for pollution control as in wastewater treatment . The extensive use of activated carbon is generally attributed to its large surface area making it a powerful adsorbent.…”

Chitosan functionalization with a series of sulfur‐containing α‐amino acids for the development of drug‐binding abilities

“…However, in the case of f-Chi, the ANH 2 group was used to form an amide group. Such structural species present in the sample reduced the UV absorption, as shown at 3400 cm 21 in Figure 8(c). Therefore, manifolds split from 3300-3500 cm 21 were not produced except for the stretching frequency for the embedded AOH group [ Figure 8(b)].…”

“…21 In this respect, the ANH 2 of Chi was used to bind methi, as shown in Figure 1. As an essential amino acid, methi has an S atom in its fundamental structure, which imparts additional properties because of its electronic configuration; this helps in voluminous biological activities and also in drug vehicles.…”

Decolorization of turbid sugar juice from sugar factory using waste powdered carbon

“…Furthermore, it is not possible to determine the chemical structure of the relevant coloring compounds and difficult to control in many cases. Melanin, melanoidins and caramel types are the most proper colored components formed during sugar carbonation process (Singh et al 2011). There are twenty-one phenolic compounds in the cane sugar plantation according to Farber and Carpenter, who also reported, four colored types in refined sugar, and nearly ten in raw sugar (Farber and Carpenter 1971).…”

“…With increasing energy costs related to the sugar production and environmental impacts, it is highly important to re-estimate the old decolorization technologies with respect to their virtues. These techniques include affination, carbonation or phosphatation that are classified as a primary decolorization stage, and secondary expensive decolorization technique-based ion-exchange resins (Singh et al 2011). Moreover, treatment with hydrogen peroxide or sulfur dioxide have some toxic effect overdose; therefore, to produce high juice clarity and good-quality white sugar products, a new cost-reduction material used for treatment of juice like powdered activated carbon is developed (van der Poel et al 1998).…”