Suicide, Homicide, and All-Cause Mortality Among Transgender and Cisgender Patients in the Veterans Health Administration

Boyer, Taylor L; Youk, Ada O.; Haas, Ann Pollinger; Brown, George R.; Shipherd, Jillian C.; Kauth, Michael R.; Jasuja, Guneet K.; Blosnich, John R.

doi:10.1089/lgbt.2020.0235

Cited by 38 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Compared to cisgender adults in the same study, TNB individuals were at least twice as likely to attempt suicide 95 . Furthermore, in data collected in the USA by the Veterans Health Administration between 1999 and 2016, transgender adults had more than twice the risk of suicide completion compared to their cisgender peers 96 . Among college students in the USA, 64% of trans men and trans women and 66% of nonbinary individuals who were included in the Center for Collegiate Mental Health’s database contemplated suicide, and 45% of trans men and trans women and 48.7% of nonbinary individuals reported lifetime suicide attempts 97 .…”

Section: Mental Health Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors that drive mental health disparities and promote well-being in transgender and nonbinary people

Tebbe

Budge

2022

Nat Rev Psychol

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Transgender (or trans) is an umbrella term for individuals who experience their gender differently from what is associated with the sex they were assigned at birth. Individuals who are nonbinary experience their gender outside binary conceptions of gender. Although research has predominantly focused on negative mental health outcomes for transgender and non-binary (TNB) individuals, an emergent literature has begun to explore protective and health-promoting factors and dimensions of psychological well-being. In this Review, we discuss the sociocultural context for TNB people, beginning with a brief history of TNB identity before highlighting frameworks for understanding the higher prevalence of certain mental health concerns among TNB individuals. Next, we summarize the predictive factors associated with higher rates of depression, anxiety, suicidality, trauma-related concerns, disordered eating behaviours and substance use. We also review TNB coping, resilience and resistance to anti-trans stigma, as well as psychological well-being, flourishing and gender euphoria. Tying these topics together, we discuss affirming interventions for reducing mental health disparities and promoting psychological health in TNB individuals and communities. We conclude by discussing future research directions.

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Section: Mental Health Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors that drive mental health disparities and promote well-being in transgender and nonbinary people

Tebbe

Budge

2022

Nat Rev Psychol

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“…These disparities extend to gender minorities (i.e., transgender, gender non-binary, genderqueer, or any person whose assigned sex at birth does not align with their current gender identity). Specifically, a preponderance of evidence from non-probability samples ( Marshall et al, 2016 ; Wolford-Clevenger et al, 2017 ) and an emerging body of population-based studies ( Boyer et al, 2021 ; Johns et al, 2019 ) demonstrates that gender minorities also experience sharply elevated rates of suicidal thoughts, behavior, and mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do sexual and gender minority people acquire the capability for suicide? Voices from survivors of near-fatal suicide attempts

Clark

Salway

McConocha

et al. 2022

SSM - Qualitative Research in Health

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“…Other studies suggested that gay and bisexual men bear a disproportionate burden of hate crime [ 6 , 7 ], especially hate crimes “against persons,” meaning those that target people (such as assault or robberies) as opposed to crimes against property (such as arson or burglary) [ 8 ]. Some studies suggested that gay men and transgender women, particularly black, indigenous, people of color, were more likely to be murdered, although estimates of homicide risk vary greatly depending on the sample used [ 9 – 11 ]. Perpetrators of hate crimes against LGBT persons were disproportionately likely to offend in groups as opposed to alone and were most likely to be young men [ 12 ] who were strangers to the victim [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hate crimes against LGBT people: National Crime Victimization Survey, 2017-2019

et al. 2022

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We estimate the prevalence and characteristics of violent hate crime victimization of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in the United States, and we compare them to non-LGBT hate crime victims and to LGBT victims of violent non-hate crime. We analyze pooled 2017-2019 data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (n persons = 553, 925;n incidents = 32, 470), the first nationally representative and comprehensive survey on crime that allows identification of LGBT persons aged 16 or older. Descriptive and bivariate analysis show that LGBT people experienced 6.6 violent hate crime victimizations per 1,000 persons compared with non-LGBT people’s 0.6 per 1,000 persons (odds ratio = 8.30, 95% confidence interval = 1.94, 14.65). LGBT people were more likely to be hate crime victims of sexual orientation or gender bias crime and less likely to be victims of race or ethnicity bias crimes compared to non-LGBT hate crime victims. Compared to non-LGBT victims, LGBT victims of hate crime were more likely to be younger, have a relationship with their assailant, and have an assailant who is white. Compared to LGBT victims of non-hate violence, more LGBT hate crime victims reported experiencing problems in their social lives, negative emotional responses, and physical symptoms of distress. Our findings affirm claims that hate crimes have adverse physical and psychological effects on victims and highlight the need to ensure that LGBT persons who experience hate crime get necessary support and services in the aftermath of the crime.

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Suicide, Homicide, and All-Cause Mortality Among Transgender and Cisgender Patients in the Veterans Health Administration

Cited by 38 publications

References 32 publications

Factors that drive mental health disparities and promote well-being in transgender and nonbinary people

Factors that drive mental health disparities and promote well-being in transgender and nonbinary people

How do sexual and gender minority people acquire the capability for suicide? Voices from survivors of near-fatal suicide attempts

Hate crimes against LGBT people: National Crime Victimization Survey, 2017-2019

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