Suicide Risk and Protective Factors: A Network Approach

Holman, Mikayla; Williams, Matthew

doi:10.1080/13811118.2020.1774454

Cited by 47 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…In the current network, 48% of the variance of “suicide ideation” can be explained by adjacent nodes. The nodes directly and strongly linked to “suicide ideation” are depression symptoms “sadness” and “failure” and abuse event “unimportant.” The depressive symptoms directly associated with suicidal ideation are similar to those reported by previous studies ( 70 ), whereas the direct association between abuse event “unimportant” and suicidal ideation has not been explored previously. Previous studies show that neglect in early life can increase depression and anxiety symptoms and has a significant indirect effect on suicidal ideation ( 71 , 72 ), and our results extend the finding by showing that certain types of neglect can also affect suicidal ideation directly.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

The Association of Abuse and Depression With Suicidal Ideation in Chinese Adolescents: A Network Analysis

Zhan

Ren

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundAbuse experiences in adolescents are associated with the risk of depression and suicide. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop prevention and intervention measures for clinicians, policymakers, and researchers.MethodsNetwork analysis method was used to analyze the cross-sectional data of Chinese adolescents in this study. The Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A) was used for assessing depression, in which item 9 of the PHQ-A was used to assess suicide ideation, and International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool-Children’s Home Version (ICAST-CH) was used for assessing abuse.ResultsThe prevalence of suicidal ideation among Chinese adolescents was 21.46% (95% CI, 20.79–22.16%). The prevalence of moderate or severe depression was 16.76%, and the prevalence of violence exposure, psychological victimization, neglect, and physical victimization was 33.5%, 59.5%, 28.37%, and 31.51% in the past years, respectively. Network analysis results showed that the most central nodes in the network of abuse and depression were “unimportant,” “not cared,” and “pushed.” The bridge nodes were “suicidal ideation” and “unimportant.” The nodes “sadness,” “failure,” and “unimportant” explained the largest proportion of the variance of suicidal ideation in our network. Differences were found in the structure of both abuse and depression networks between adolescents with or without suicidal ideation.LimitationsThe self-reporting–based cross-sectional surveys and community sample groups limit the inference of causality and the generalization of the results.ConclusionThis study shows that “unimportant” is the central and bridge nodes in the abuse and depression networks and also explains a part of variance of suicidal ideation. The effect of “unimportant” should be considered in the prevention and intervention of depression and suicide in adolescents with abuse experience. Future study is needed to confirm its role in clinical intervention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

The Association of Abuse and Depression With Suicidal Ideation in Chinese Adolescents: A Network Analysis

Zhan

Ren

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Specifically, we found significant correlations between CHRT‐SR 7 total score or subscale scores and the WSAS, 8 a measure of psychosocial impairment that has been shown to be correlated with severity of depression and a wide range of other psychiatric symptoms and to improve when psychiatric symptoms abate 15,16 . Furthermore, participants with higher CHRT‐SR 7 scores reported lower resilience as measured by the CD‐RISC‐10, a finding that is consistent with studies using other suicide‐related measures 17,18 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…15,16 Furthermore, participants with higher CHRT-SR 7 scores reported lower resilience as measured by the CD-RISC-10, a finding that is consistent with studies using other suicide-related measures. 17,18 An extensive literature has described negative help-seeking attitudes (eg, lack of perceived need), low mental health literacy (eg, treatment won't work), mental health stigma (being treated for a mental disorder will result in negative social consequences), and practical barriers (eg, lack of time or financial resources) as barriers to seeking mental health treatment. 19 Past research found that wishing to handle the problem on one's own was the most commonly reported barrier to seeking mental health care among individuals with a diagnosis of a mental disorder.…”

Section: Psychometric Properties Of the Chrt-srmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties of the 7‐item version of the Concise Health Risk Tracking Self‐Report Scale for rural adults enrolled in an Internet‐delivered self‐help program for depression

Weissman

Scott

Schure

et al. 2021

The Journal of Rural Health

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Purpose: Monitoring suicide risk in clinical practice requires valid and reliable assessment instruments. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the 7-item version of the Concise Health Risk Tracking Self-Report, CHRT-SR 7 in a primarily rural population. Methods: The sample comprised 788 participants (81.7% female) of an effectiveness trial of an internet-based self-help intervention for depression. Participants completed self-report questionnaires, including the CHRT-SR 7 , Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Work and Social Adjustment Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10, and Barriers to Seeking Mental Health Care. Four-week testretest reliability was calculated for a subsample of 147 participants randomized to a waitlist control group. Findings:The CHRT-SR 7 internal consistency was α = 0.80 (total sample), α = 0.80 (women), and α = 0.83 (men). The 4-week test-retest reliability was strong for women (r = 0.78) and moderate for men (r = 0.66). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original 3-factor solution: Hopelessness (2 items), Perceived Lack of Social Support (2 items), and Current Suicidal Thoughts and Plans (3 items), which was invariant across gender and rural status. Convergent and divergent validity was supported as reflected in significant correlations of the CHRT-SR 7 and its subscales with measures of depression, anxiety, adjustment, and resilience. Limitations include the limited demographic diversity (mostly non-Hispanic White women) and reliance on self-report data. Conclusions:Our findings complement those reported in prior studies of patients with severe depression and support the use of the CHRT-SR 7 for measuring suicide risk in rural adults; future studies should further test the instrument's psychometric properties in racial or ethnic minority rural residents.

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“…For example, a recent study by Beurs et al [58], using a sample of 3508 young Scottish adults and a battery of psychological tests, found that: (a) internal entrapment was the factor that most contributed to current suicidal ideation, and (b) perceived burden and entrapment were statistically associated with current suicidal ideation, while depressive symptoms were associated with a history of suicidal ideation. Another study with adults [59] found that the highest strength centrality were feelings of depression, hopelessness, perceived burdensomeness, self-esteem, and social support. In particular, self-esteem and social support were shown to be central protective factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk and Protective Factors in Adolescent Suicidal Behaviour: A Network Analysis

Fonseca‐Pedrero

Al‐Halabí

Pérez‐Albéniz

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Given that death by suicide continues to rank among the top three causes of death during adolescence, new psychological models may contribute critical insight towards understanding the complex interactions between risk and protective factors in suicidal behaviour. The main objective of this study was to analyse the psychological network structure of suicidal behaviour and putative risk and protective factors in school-aged adolescents. Methods: Stratified random cluster sampling was performed. The final sample comprised 1790 students (53.7% female, M = 15.7 years, SD = 1.26). Instruments were administered to assess suicidal behaviour, emotional and behavioural difficulties, prosocial behaviour, subjective well-being, self-esteem, depressive symptomatology, academic performance, socio-economic status, school engagement, bullying, and cyberbullying. Results: In the estimated psychological network, the node with the highest strength was depressive symptomatology, and that with the highest expected influence value was bullying. Suicidal behaviour was positively connected to symptoms of depression and behavioural problems. In addition, suicidal behaviour was negatively connected to self-esteem and personal well-being. The results of the stability analysis indicated that the network was accurately estimated. Conclusions: Suicidal behaviour can be conceptualised as a dynamic, complex system of cognitive, emotional, and affective characteristics. New psychological models allow us to analyse and understand human behaviour from a new perspective, suggesting new forms of conceptualisation, evaluation, intervention, and prevention.

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Suicide Risk and Protective Factors: A Network Approach

Cited by 47 publications

References 80 publications

The Association of Abuse and Depression With Suicidal Ideation in Chinese Adolescents: A Network Analysis

The Association of Abuse and Depression With Suicidal Ideation in Chinese Adolescents: A Network Analysis

Psychometric properties of the 7‐item version of the Concise Health Risk Tracking Self‐Report Scale for rural adults enrolled in an Internet‐delivered self‐help program for depression

Risk and Protective Factors in Adolescent Suicidal Behaviour: A Network Analysis

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