This article is available online at http://www.jlr.org Seminolipid, 1-O -alkyl-2-O -acyl[  -D-(3 ′ -sulfatoxy)galactopyranosyl(1'-3)] sn -glycerol, also known as sulfogalactosylglycerolipid (SGG) and SM4g ( Fig. 1A ), is present selectively and substantially in mammalian male germ cells, comprising about 10 mol% of total lipids ( 1 ). SGG consists of glycerol with a sn -1 alkyl and sn -2 acyl chain as the lipid backbone, and a (3 ′ -sulfo)-galactopyranose  -linked to the sn -3 position. Consistently across mammalian species studied so far, C16:0/C16:0 SGG is the main molecular species ( 1, 2 ), although minor molecular species, such as C16:0/C14:0, C14:0/C16:0, C15:0/C16:0, C17:0/C16:0, C16:0/C18:0, C18:0/C16:0, and C17:0/C18:0 SGG, representing < 10% of the main species, have also been described ( 3, 4 ). Accumulated evidence has pointed to the signifi cance of SGG for mammalian male reproduction ( 1 ). SGG on the sperm surface is involved in sperm-zona pellucida (ZP) binding and sperm-egg plasma membrane binding ( 5, 6 ). As a structurally ordered lipid, SGG participates in the formation of lipid rafts in the sperm head, which act as platforms for ZP binding ( 7-10 ). Genetic deletion of Cgt and Cst , coding for two enzymes (ceramide galactosyltransferase and cerebroside sulfotransferase, respectively) in the SGG biosynthetic pathway, leads to spermatogenesis arrest in the primary spermatocyte stage and, thus, male infertility ( 11, 12 ).Due to its physiological signifi cance, an accurate, sensitive, specifi c method for SGG quantifi cation is needed. A simple colorimetric Azure A assay has been conventionally