Sulfonated activated carbons as potential catalysts for biolubricant synthesis

Silvestre-Albero, Joaquín; Maier, Martin E.; Ricardo, Nágila Maria Pontes Silva; Cavalcante, Célio L.; Luna, Francisco

doi:10.1016/j.mcat.2020.110888

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Figure b shows high-resolution XPS of pure PVA and SPVA in the C 1s binding energy regions. As shown in Figure b, the C 1s spectrum of SPVA can be curve-fitted with four peaks: C–C/C–H at 284.8 eV, C–SO 3 H at 285.6 eV, C–O at 286.3 eV, and O–CO at 289.1 eV. , The peaks of O–CO and C–SO 3 H were assigned to SPVA, which illustrated that the −SO 3 H groups from SSA were introduced into the PVA chain through the ester bond.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Novel SPVA/g-C₃N₄-SA/PAN Pervaporation Membranes with Porous Catalytic Layers for Esterification Enhancement

Shi

Liang

Han

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The pervaporation membrane technology integrated with catalytic function improves the conversion of esterification reactions by integrating reaction and separation processes in a single step. Optimizing the structure of the catalytic layer of the pervaporation membrane can effectively reinforce its enhancement effect on the esterification reaction. Here, a porous catalytic layer with high catalytic activity and low mass transfer resistance was successfully developed by the immersion phase inversion. The sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) (SPVA) catalytic layer prepared by cross-linking poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with 5-sulfosalicylic acid (SSA) was coated on a graphitic carbon nitride-sodium alginate (g-C3N4-SA) membrane with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as the support. The prepared pervaporation membranes with a porous catalytic layer were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The membrane catalytic performance was evaluated in the esterification reaction of acetic acid with ethanol in a pervaporation catalytic membrane reactor (PVCMR). As a result, the acetic acid conversion was up to 98.4% in 12 h at 75 °C with 20% molar fraction of the catalyst. Compared with the batch reaction (BR) under the same operating conditions, the acetic acid conversion rate was greatly improved by 24.4%. After five runs, the membrane still maintained excellent stability. In addition, the resistance-in-series model was considered to analyze the mass transfer resistance of the membrane. The results indicated that the porous catalytic layer had a lower mass transfer resistance of 1.38 × 105 s·m–1, accounting for only 46.1% of the overall resistance, while the dense catalytic layer accounted for 66.9%. Therefore, the pervaporation membrane with a porous catalytic layer presented great ability for enhancing the esterification reaction of acetic acid with ethanol.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The results confirm the successful introduction of the S element in PVA. 31,32 The peaks of O−CO and C− SO 3 H were assigned to SPVA, which illustrated that the −SO 3 H groups from SSA were introduced into the PVA chain through the ester bond.…”

Section: Mass Transfer Resistance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel SPVA/g-C₃N₄-SA/PAN Pervaporation Membranes with Porous Catalytic Layers for Esterification Enhancement

Shi

Liang

Han

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The catalytic activity of the synthesized samples was evaluated in the esterification of oleic acid (OA) using different long-chain alcohols: octanol and 2-ethylhexanol (see Scheme 2). The reaction was carried out under inert atmosphere at 90 °C in a three-neck round bottom reactor, using a mass ratio of 4:100 (catalyst to oleic acid), as previously reported by Ferreira et al (2020). This was performed for 6 h under agitation of 500 rpm, which should eliminate any external mass transfer constraints (Russo et al 2021).…”

Section: Catalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where: a1 is the area of the new binding peak, concerning -CH2-bond, approximately 4.0 ppm; a2 is the peak area of double bond, approx. 5.5 ppm; CO is the conversion (% mol) to oleate; DC is the double bond conversion (% mol) and S is the selectivity for oleic ester (Ferreira et al 2020).…”

Section: <Scheme 2>mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have been reported using esterification reactions between FFA and longchain alcohols, such as 2-ethylhexanol (Ferreira et al 2020;Oliveira et al 2020;Russo et al 2021;Pindit et al 2021;Salimon, Salih and Yousif 2012). As well known, using heterogeneous instead of homogeneous catalysts convey several advantages, such as reduction in waste water, catalyst recovery and mitigation of potential corrosion problems in plant equipment (Radhakrishnan et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfonated MCM-41 as potential catalyst to obtain biolubricants from vegetable oil

Silvestre‐Albero

Maier

Ricardo

et al. 2022

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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Biolubricants may be obtained from vegetable oils using appropriate chemical modifications, to improve their physicochemical properties for lubrication applications. In this study, the esterification of a free fatty acid (FFA) with long chain alcohols was performed using sulfonated mesoporous silica as catalyst. Fresh and functionalized MCM-41 samples were prepared to evaluate the effect of the sulfonic surface group on the esterification reaction. MCM-41 was functionalized via post-synthesis modification using 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS) as silylating agent. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using several techniques. After the functionalization, a decrease in the apparent surface area and pore diameter were observed. The MCM-41/SO3H sample was applied in the esterification reaction of oleic acid (as a FFA model) using two different long-chain alcohols (octanol and 2-ethylhexanol). The catalytic results reveal that sulfonated catalyst showed excellent conversions (~100% mol when using octanol and >93% mol using 2-ethylhexanol) and selectivities to esters (ca. 90%).

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Stabilization and anchoring of palladium‐copper alloy on murexide modified carbon nanotube as a superb nanocatalyst: Excellent performance in coupling and synthetic reactions

Mohammadlou,

Noroozi Pesyan

2023

Applied Organom Chemis

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Sketching a proper catalytic system with supplementary attributes, containing easy separation, wide surface area, supreme loading capacity, and fantastical electronic attributes, proposes an encouraging direction for efficiently using nanostructures for various applications. However, the capability to adjust the nano‐measure bimetallic particles is an adjustment for attaining superb performance in the catalytic field. Herein, an environmentally benign approach was developed for immobilizing and anchoring Pd‐Cu alloy nanoparticles on murexide (MX)‐functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Afterward, the catalytic activity of Pd2‐Cu3@MX/CNT was studied in synthesizing 2,3‐dihydro quinazoline‐4(1H)‐ones and carbon–carbon coupling reactions at sustainable reaction conditions under ultrasound irradiation. The results demonstrated that high‐affinity MX ligand and porous CNT structures than the adsorption of Pd–Cu had a unique designation in the high‐range constancy of the alloy nanoparticles and following catalytic activity. In addition, ultrasound irradiation got electrons of Pd–Cu alloy nanoparticles agitated, constructing a synergic efficacy between Cu and Pd metals for synthesis and coupling reactions. Our study represents that the designed catalyst is green, recyclable, and most suitable, providing new intuition into in high‐range constancy of bimetallic nanoparticles for broad applications.

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Sulfonated activated carbons as potential catalysts for biolubricant synthesis

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Novel SPVA/g-C₃N₄-SA/PAN Pervaporation Membranes with Porous Catalytic Layers for Esterification Enhancement

Novel SPVA/g-C₃N₄-SA/PAN Pervaporation Membranes with Porous Catalytic Layers for Esterification Enhancement

Sulfonated MCM-41 as potential catalyst to obtain biolubricants from vegetable oil

Stabilization and anchoring of palladium‐copper alloy on murexide modified carbon nanotube as a superb nanocatalyst: Excellent performance in coupling and synthetic reactions

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Sulfonated activated carbons as potential catalysts for biolubricant synthesis

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Novel SPVA/g-C3N4-SA/PAN Pervaporation Membranes with Porous Catalytic Layers for Esterification Enhancement

Novel SPVA/g-C3N4-SA/PAN Pervaporation Membranes with Porous Catalytic Layers for Esterification Enhancement

Sulfonated MCM-41 as potential catalyst to obtain biolubricants from vegetable oil

Stabilization and anchoring of palladium‐copper alloy on murexide modified carbon nanotube as a superb nanocatalyst: Excellent performance in coupling and synthetic reactions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Novel SPVA/g-C₃N₄-SA/PAN Pervaporation Membranes with Porous Catalytic Layers for Esterification Enhancement

Novel SPVA/g-C₃N₄-SA/PAN Pervaporation Membranes with Porous Catalytic Layers for Esterification Enhancement