Sulfonated Polystyrene Copolymer: Synthesis, Characterization and Its Application of Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC)

Abstract

Abstract-A novel Sulfonated Polystyrene (PSS) has been synthesized by sulfonation polystyrene waste for a comparative study of proton exchange membranes (PEM) that is intended for fuel cell applications. The degree of sulfonation (DS) of the sulfonated PS was determined using titration method. We systematically investigated the water uptake, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of the cross-linked membranes. The mass averaged molecular weights Mw of PSS was estimated from intrinsic viscosities measured in sulfuric acid solutions. A related homopolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The structures of PSS were elucidated, and the effect of sulfonation level on the PSS FT-IR spectrum was studied. PSS membrane surface morphology was investigated by SEM and AFM.The highest of proton conductivity of the membrane in the temperature range of 25-750C was found to be 3.8 µS/cm Index Terms-AFM, FT-IR, fuel cell, polystyrene sulfonated, SEM.

Synthesis and physical-chemical characterization of DEA-sulfonated styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene (SEPS) membranes for CO2 separation

“…The relation between the sulfonation time and the DEA percentage on the morphology of the membranes, considering the SEM images, allowed us to suggest that increasing of the sulfonic groups influence the formation of high number of small pores, whereas an increment in the DEA percentage modified the size and connection between pores, making them bigger and flattened, according to other reports [17,18].…”

Removal of Zn 2+ and Pb 2+ ions from aqueous solution using sulphonated waste polystyrene

“…Another new band appeared at 1035 cm À1 upon sulphonation indicating the presence of sulphonic groups in the SWPS. The band resulted from the symmetric stretching vibration of the sulphonic groups [24].…”

Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized in Polymeric Resin: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity Study for Reduction of p-Nitrophenol

“…sulphuric acid was added and heated to 50 ºC with periodic shaking, which is needed during sulphonation. The sulphonated resin was filtered, washed with distilled water and dried at 50 º C for 6 h [24] (Scheme-I). Ion-exchange capacity: Salt splitting titration is used for the determination of ion-exchange capacity of sulphonated resin.…”

“…Thus traditional water purification methods for the removal of p-nitrophenol from waste water are not effective. There are many methods for the removal of p-nitrophenol which includes catalytic reduction by using microwaves, microbial degradation, photo-catalytic degradation, electro-fenton method, electro-coagulation and electro-chemical treatment [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Silver nanoparticles are widely used due to its size, shape and antibacterial properties.…”