Sulfonated Porous Polymeric Nanofibers as an Efficient Solid Acid Catalyst for the Production of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural from Biomass

Abstract

Sustainable supply of energy is one of the biggest challenges today. The conversion of energy from any abundant and renewable resources would be an ideal solution for this ever increasing demand of sustainable energy. Biomass provides a potential energy alternative through the platform chemical 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), which is considered as a sustainable source for liquid fuels and commodity chemicals. Herein, we report the synthesis of a nanoporous polytriphenylamine (PPTPA‐1) having high surface area (1437 m2 g−1) by a simple one‐step oxidative polymerization pathway. Upon sulfonation of PPTPA‐1, the sulfonated polymer SPPTPA‐1 showed very high surface acidity and it has been successfully employed as a solid acid catalyst for direct conversion of sugar to HMF. Both PPTPA‐1 and SPPTPA‐1 materials have distinct nanofiber morphologies and they are characterized thoroughly by using powder XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, 13C solid state magic‐angle‐spinning NMR spectrometry, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, and N2 sorption techniques. We have optimized the HMF yields by using different carbohydrate sources and estimated the recycling efficiency of the catalyst.

Constructing Sulfonic Acid Functionalized Anthracene Derived Conjugated Porous Organic Polymer for Efficient Metal-Free Catalytic Acetalization of Bio-Glycerol

“…Bhaumik et. Al have also reported the similar finding regarding the appearance of this characteristic hysteresis loop in their recently developed nitrogen rich microporous organic polymer . The pore size distributions of the polymers have been calculated by employing non local density functional theory (NLDFT) method.…”

The Design of a New Cobalt Sulfide Nanoparticle Implanted Porous Organic Polymer Nanohybrid as a Smart and Durable Water‐Splitting Photoelectrocatalyst

“…Porous organic polymer (POP)material, polytriphenylamine (designated as PPTPA-1), was synthesised by anhydrous FeCl 3 assistedo ne-step oxidative polymerisation of triphenylamine to deliver al ight green solid powder as previously reported by Bhaumik et al [24] The synthetic approach for the CoS x @POP nanohybrid structure was accomplishedb yt wo subsequent steps,a sd emonstrated in the Scheme 1, in which for the first step, Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles were directlya nd homogeneously introducedi nt he N-rich POP framework by ah ydrolysis reaction of cobalt acetate at 80 8Ci ne thanol/water mixed solvent. Selectiven ucleationa nd growth of Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles on POP surfacei se ncouraged in this mixed solvent, which has been employed to decelerate the hydrolysis reaction, thereby inducing interactions betweent he Co 2 + and the N-functional groups of POP.T he hydrolysis rate wasf urtherd iminished with the addition of NH 3 ·H 2 Oi nto the reaction medium, whichcoordinates with the Co 2 + thereby controlling the size and homogeneous distribution of the resulting Co 3 O 4 on the POPs.…”

Highly Dispersed DPPF Locked in Knitting Hyper‐Crosslinked Polymers as Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst

“…The presence of interparticle mesopores can be correlated with the existence of a large hysteresis loop in the high‐pressure region, for which irreversible gas uptake can take place. The hysteresis loops in the isotherms could be attributed to the outcome of the swelling of polymeric network upon the gas adsorption when the polymer–solvent interaction is much greater than the polymer–polymer interaction, and restricted filling of pre‐existing pores is also one of the important factor for this hysteresis in microporous organic polymer . The pore‐sizes were primarily distributed from 1–100 nm, as calculated by the Barrett‐Joyner‐Halenda (BJH) method, the pore size distribution of HCP‐DPPF (Figure b) also confirm the presence of such heterogeneous porous structure.…”