Sulfonic acid-functionalized hybrid organic–inorganic proton exchange membranes synthesized by sol–gel using 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPTMS)

Mosa, Jadra; Durán, Alicia; Aparicio, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.06.119

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The sulfonated particles can be made in the membrane by soaking the Nafion with precursors [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], or outside the membrane by silating silica particles with the mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. For fuel cell membranes, the final oxidation is carried out in the final composite membrane during the hydrogen peroxide oxidation treatment of the Nafion membrane [ 13 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. To date, no one has examined the influence of the size of the sulfonated silica particles on the performance of the Nafion composite membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Conductivity of Nafion/Ex-Situ Sulfonic Acid-Modified Stöber Silica Nanocomposite Membranes As a Function of Temperature, Silica Particles Size and Surface Modification

Muriithi

Loy

2016

Membranes

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The introduction of sulfonic acid modified silica in Nafion nanocomposite membranes is a good method of improving the Nafion performance at high temperature and low relative humidity. Sulfonic acid-modified silica is bifunctional, with silica phase expected to offer an improvement in membranes hydration while sulfonic groups enhance proton conductivity. However, as discussed in this paper, this may not always be the case. Proton conductivity enhancement of Nafion nanocomposite membranes is very dependent on silica particle size, sometimes depending on experimental conditions, and by surface modification. In this study, Sulfonated Preconcentrated Nafion Stober Silica composites (SPNSS) were prepared by modification of Stober silica particles with mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, dispersing the particles into a preconcentrated solution of Nafion, then casting the membranes. The mercapto groups were oxidized to sulfonic acids by heating the membranes in 10 wt % hydrogen peroxide for 1 h. At 80 °C and 100% relative humidity, a 20%–30% enhancement of proton conductivity was only observed when sulfonic acid modified particle less than 50 nm in diameter were used. At 120 °C, and 100% humidity, proton conductivity increased by 22%–42% with sulfonated particles with small particles showing the greatest enhancement. At 120 °C and 50% humidity, the sulfonated particles are less efficient at keeping the membranes hydrated, and the composites underperform Nafion and silica-Nafion nanocomposite membranes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Conductivity of Nafion/Ex-Situ Sulfonic Acid-Modified Stöber Silica Nanocomposite Membranes As a Function of Temperature, Silica Particles Size and Surface Modification

Muriithi

Loy

2016

Membranes

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“…The peaks at 1159 cm −1 and 1123 cm −1 were attributed to symmetric and asymmetric stretching of sulfonated groups, respectively. S-O stretching at 1370 cm −1 , asymmetric C-S stretching at 910 cm −1 and S-O bending vibration at 660 cm −1 related to sulfonic acid group [16]. These suggested the introduction of sulfonic acid group in the HTC process.…”

Section: Ftir Spectramentioning

confidence: 89%

Hydrothermal Carbonization of Nonylphenol Ethoxylates Waste Liquid for Energy Source Generation

Ge¹,

Zhang²,

Xue³

et al. 2015

AJAC

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Nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEOs) are widely used as nonionic surfactants in many industry fields. High concentration NPEOs waste water is produced in some production processes. It is often treated to realize reduction by distillation. Therefore, NPEOs waste liquid with higher concentration is produced and it is difficult to be treated by traditional water treatment process. In this study, hydrothermal carbonization process was used to convert NPEOs waste liquid to carbonaceous product (hydrochar) with sulfuric acid as additive in 24 h at 200˚C. The hydrochar was characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer and thermogravimetric analysis. The element composition and the high heat value of the hydrochar were similar to lignite, showing that it could be used as an alternative fuel.

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“…Trialkoxysilanes bearing carbofunctional groups on the silicon (e.g., (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate, etc. ), the hydrolysis of which leads to crosslinked silsesquioxane polymers, often serve as precursors of the silica modifier of ion-exchange membranes [10,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Composite membranes containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes can be used for proton transport at high temperatures and low humidity [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton-Exchange Hybrid Membranes: A Copolymer of Ethylene Glycol Vinyl Glycidyl Ether and Vinyl Chloride/Polyorganylsilsesquioxane

Лебедева

Малахова

Raskulova

et al. 2019

Membr. Membr. Technol.

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Copolymers of ethylene glycol vinyl glycidyl ether (VGE) and vinyl chloride (VC) have been obtained via radical copolymerization of VGE with VC at 70°C in the presence of the initiator azobisisobutyronitrile. By the sol-gel synthesis involving VGE-VC copolymers and carbofunctional organosilicon precursors, such as N,N'-bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)thiocarbamide (BTM) and 2-([triethoxysilylpropyl]amino)pyridine (TEAP), hybrid organic-inorganic membranes possessing proton conductivity after doping with orthophosphoric acid have been fabricated. The proton conductivity of the membranes in the temperature range of 30-80°C is characterized by the values of 3.52-4.88 × 10 −3 S cm −1 for VGE-VC/ BTM/H 3 PO 4 and 1.19-2.89 × 10 −3 S cm −1 for VGE-VC/TEAP/H 3 PO 4 .

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Sulfonic acid-functionalized hybrid organic–inorganic proton exchange membranes synthesized by sol–gel using 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPTMS)

Cited by 52 publications

References 41 publications

Proton Conductivity of Nafion/Ex-Situ Sulfonic Acid-Modified Stöber Silica Nanocomposite Membranes As a Function of Temperature, Silica Particles Size and Surface Modification

Proton Conductivity of Nafion/Ex-Situ Sulfonic Acid-Modified Stöber Silica Nanocomposite Membranes As a Function of Temperature, Silica Particles Size and Surface Modification

Hydrothermal Carbonization of Nonylphenol Ethoxylates Waste Liquid for Energy Source Generation

Proton-Exchange Hybrid Membranes: A Copolymer of Ethylene Glycol Vinyl Glycidyl Ether and Vinyl Chloride/Polyorganylsilsesquioxane

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