Sulfur isotope analysis of carbonate-hosted Zn–Pb deposits in northwestern Guizhou Province, Southwest China: Implications for the source of reduced sulfur

Liu, Wenhao; Zhang, Jun; Wang, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2017.06.023

Cited by 29 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The δ 34 S value of sulfides in the Maliping deposit ranges from 8.25 to 30.30‰, with an average of 15.58‰, which is lower than that of evaporites but very close to the S isotope fractionation caused by TSR. At the same time, the δ 34 S value is very close to the average δ 34 S value (generally 8-20‰) of most Pb-Zn deposits where reduced S is derived from the formation of seawater sulfate in the wall rock based on TSR [13,21,[61][62][63][64] in the SYGT (Figure 4b). Therefore, reduced S in the deposit is mainly derived from the formation of seawater sulfate in the Lower Cambrian Yuhucun Formation in the wall rock and the underlying Sinian Dengying Formation based on TSR.…”

Section: S Sourcesupporting

confidence: 61%

Metallogenic Model for Pb-Zn Deposits in Clastic Rocks of the Dahai Mining Area, Northeast Yunnan: Evidence from H-O-S-Sr-Pb Isotopes

Gong,

Han,

et al. 2023

Minerals

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The Dahai Pb-Zn mining area is located in the northwestern Pb-Zn district in northeastern Yunnan Province in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Pb-Zn metallogenic triangle (SYGT), east of the Xiaojiang fault. Numerous Pb-Zn deposits (spots) occur in clastic rocks in this area. In this study, the Maliping, Laoyingqing, and Jinniuchang Pb-Zn deposits, representative clastic rocks in the Dahai mining area, were selected as research objects. The results of H-O-S-Sr-Pb isotope analyses show that the three deposits mainly formed through the mixing of a basinal brine with a hydrothermal fluid derived from deep within the underlying (deformed) basement, and brines leached organic matter from wall rocks. The δ34S values range from −2.62–30.30‰. The S isotope results show two different sources of reduced S: one in the Laoyingqing deposit derived from the S reduction generated by the pyrolysis of sulfur-bearing organic matter in the carbonaceous slate of the Kunyang Group, and the second in the Maliping and Jinniuchang deposits derived from the S reduction generated by the thermochemical sulfur reduction (TSR) of seawater sulfate in the Lower Cambrian Yuhucun Formation and Sinian Dengying Formation. The Pb isotope results show that the Pb sources of the three deposits are derived from basement rocks (Kunyang Group) with a small portion derived from Devonian–Permian carbonate rocks and Dengying Formation dolomite, both of which have undergone homogenization during mineralization. The Sr content varied from 0.09629 to 0.2523 × 10−6, and the study shows that the main source of Sr is a mixture of ore-forming fluid flowing through basement rocks (Kunyang Group) and through sedimentary cover. However, most of the Sr in the Maliping deposit is derived from marine carbonate, and in the Laoyingqing deposit, it is provided by basement rocks (Kunyang Group). Based on a comparative study of the deposits, the Pb-Zn deposits in the clastic rocks of the Dahai mining area and the SYGT belong to the same metallogenic system and were formed under the same metallogenic geological background. Finally, a unified metallogenic model of the two types of fluid migration and mixed mineralization of the Pb-Zn deposit in clastic rocks of the Dahai mining area is proposed. The metallogenic model provides a basis for the study of the Pb-Zn metallogenic system and guidance for deep and peripheral prospecting in this area.

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Section: S Sourcesupporting

confidence: 61%

Metallogenic Model for Pb-Zn Deposits in Clastic Rocks of the Dahai Mining Area, Northeast Yunnan: Evidence from H-O-S-Sr-Pb Isotopes

Gong,

Han,

et al. 2023

Minerals

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“…The Youjiang foreland basin, located along the SE border of the SYGMB (Figure 1A), was uplifted into a fold belt during the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic [39,85,86]. The Pb-Zn mineralization ages for the SYGMB (such as c. 203 Ma yielded by Maoping sphalerite Rb-Sr isotope geochronology [48]) coincide with the wellconstrained episode of the evolution of the Youjiang foreland basin, suggesting basinal brines originating from the basin are related to the mineralization [24,48,87].…”

Section: A Genetic Model For the Maoping Depositmentioning

confidence: 96%

Mixing in Two Types of Fluids Responsible for Some Carbonate-Hosted Pb–Zn Deposits, SW China: Insights from the Maoping Deposit

et al. 2023

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Carbonate-hosted Pb–Zn deposits are of major economic importance. The Sichuan–Yunnan–Guizhou metallogenetic belt (SYGMB), located on the western margin of the Yangtze Block, comprises over 400 carbonated-hosted Pb–Zn deposits. However, ore-forming fluids recorded in these deposits have led to controversy regarding ore genesis. We investigated a fluid system for the Maoping deposit in the SYGMB, based on fluid inclusions, and H–O–He–Ar isotopic studies. The results showed that ore-forming fluids in the Maoping deposit are characterized by mixing of high-temperature and low-salinity metamorphic fluids and low-temperature and high-salinity basinal brines. The Precambrian basement is considered to produce metamorphic fluids, while the basinal brines are said to originate from the Youjiang Basin. The mineralization at the depositional site appears to reflect the coincidence of the metamorphic fluids, basinal brines, Carboniferous coal seams, and structural-stratigraphic traps. Regional-scale data show large-scale heterogeneity in fluid properties, including basinal brines, metamorphic fluids, and organic fluids. Furthermore, the data suggest a precipitation model for some high-grade Pb–Zn deposits in the SYGMB. These findings will contribute to an understanding of deposit types in the SYGMB.

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“…During sulfide precipitation, there is no noticeable sulfur isotope fractionation between metal sulfides and reduced sulfur. In metallic deposits, the δ 34 S values of metal sulfides depend on the reduced S from the TSR and are typically 10% to 20% lower than the δ 34 S values of seawater sulfate in the surrounding rocks [2,42,[47][48][49]. At the Fuli Pb-Zn deposit, sulfide minerals including sphalerite, galena, and minor pyrite are present, but no sulfate minerals have been detected.…”

Section: Organic Matter and Tsr Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Mixing, Organic Matter, and the Origin of Permian Carbonate-Hosted Pb-Zn Deposits in SW China: New Insights from the Fuli Deposit

Liang,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Minerals

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The Fuli Pb-Zn deposit is situated at the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block in Yunnan. The deposit, which is hosted in the Permian Yangxin Formation dolomite, is a recent discovery. Our study indicates a significant presence of fluid inclusions in sphalerite from the Fuli Pb-Zn deposit, with fewer inclusions observed in dolomite and calcite. We conducted comprehensive petrographic, microthermometric, and laser Raman analyses on the inclusions within sphalerite and dolomite. Additionally, six samples of dolomite from the mineralization period were selected for H-O isotope analysis. The results of our study reveal the characteristics of ore-forming fluids and explore the mechanisms of ore formation. The study results indicate that the Fuli Pb-Zn deposit is a low- to medium-temperature hydrothermal deposit with fluid inclusions mainly composed of two-phase gas-liquid inclusions. Salinity and homogenization temperature analyses affirmed that there are two types of fluids present, one with low salinity and the other with high salinity. Laser Raman tests demonstrated the presence of CH4, N2, and CO2 in the gas phase of the inclusions. Microthermometric analyses indicated that the sphalerite ore-forming fluids consist of a multicomponent system of Mg2+ and Ca2+ enriched fluids. The features of the ore-forming fluids in the Fuli deposit arise from a blend of high-temperature, low-salinity metamorphic fluids and low-temperature, high-salinity basin brines. The basin brines in question have the potential to emanate from the Youjiang Basin. The formation of the ore is ascribed to the TSR and the mixing of fluids. The combination of these processes provided the requisite materials (SO42−), catalysts (Mg2+), and reducing agents (organic matter, CH4, and H2S) required to initiate the thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). As the TSR proceeded, it caused a shift in the pH of the fluids, thus promoting the precipitation of metal sulfides.

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Sulfur isotope analysis of carbonate-hosted Zn–Pb deposits in northwestern Guizhou Province, Southwest China: Implications for the source of reduced sulfur

Cited by 29 publications

References 35 publications

Metallogenic Model for Pb-Zn Deposits in Clastic Rocks of the Dahai Mining Area, Northeast Yunnan: Evidence from H-O-S-Sr-Pb Isotopes

Metallogenic Model for Pb-Zn Deposits in Clastic Rocks of the Dahai Mining Area, Northeast Yunnan: Evidence from H-O-S-Sr-Pb Isotopes

Mixing in Two Types of Fluids Responsible for Some Carbonate-Hosted Pb–Zn Deposits, SW China: Insights from the Maoping Deposit

Fluid Mixing, Organic Matter, and the Origin of Permian Carbonate-Hosted Pb-Zn Deposits in SW China: New Insights from the Fuli Deposit

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