Summary of sorption measurements performed with Yucca Mountain, Nevada, tuff samples and water from Well J-13

Thomas, Kimberly

doi:10.2172/60430

Cited by 37 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For high calcium and magnesium waters, the competition effects will be substantial. Because unsaturated-zone waters are relatively enriched in calcium and magnesium, uranium sorption coefficients in the unsaturated zone may be on the low end of the range reported to date (Thomas 1987; unless the low total carbonate concentrations in these waters balance the effect of the elevated calcium and magnesium concentrations.…”

Section: Conclusion Regarding Sorption Behavior Of Uranium With Respmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Obtained Prior to 1993-Data for selenium sorption coefficients on Yucca Mountain rock samples in contact with 5-13 water have been summarized by Thomas (1987). Most measured values are less than 5 mL g-', and they do not appear to correlate with rock type.…”

Section: Data @Om Laboratory Sorption Experiments With Yucca Mountainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obtained Prior to 1993-Sorption coefficients for cesium, radium, and strontium were reviewed by Daniels et al (1983), Thomas (1987), and . For cesium at low concentrations (1 0-8 M), sorption coefficients are greater than 100 mL g-' for all water-rock combinations tested except p#l water in contact with vitric tuff (Knight and Thomas 1987).…”

Section: Data From Laboratory Sorption Experiments With Yucca Mountaimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e Sorption Data Obtained on Yucca Mountain Samples-Sorption coefficients for cerium, europium, and americium have been determined for a variety of rock samples from Yucca Mountain and in several groundwater compositions from the site (Thomas 1987;Knight and Thomas 1987). The data are generally consistent with the conclusions stated in the previous section.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Unsaturated Zone and Saturated Zone Transport Properties (U0100)

Conca¹

2000

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Section: Conclusion Regarding Sorption Behavior Of Uranium With Respmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Data @Om Laboratory Sorption Experiments With Yucca Mountainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data From Laboratory Sorption Experiments With Yucca Mountaimentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unsaturated Zone and Saturated Zone Transport Properties (U0100)

Conca¹

2000

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“…However, at the relatively low alkalinities measured at Yucca Mountain, this effect is not important for the proposed repository site (Triay et al, 1997). Measured thorium sorption ratios in J-13 water from Yucca Mountain for devitrified, vitric and zeolitized tuff ranged from 140 ml g -1 to 23,800 ml g -1 (Tien et al, 1985;Thomas, 1987). Other compilations contain representative K d values for thorium in crystalline rock that range from 100 to 5000 ml g -1 (McKinley and Scholtis, 1992) and from 20-300,000 ml g -1 for low temperature geochemical environments (U.S. EPA, 1999b).…”

Section: Thoriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Geochemistry of Radioactive Contamination

Siegel

Bryan

2003

Treatise on Geochemistry

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This report attempts to describe the geochemical foundations of the behavior of radionuclides in the environment. The information is obtained and applied in three interacting spheres of inquiry and analysis: 1) experimental studies and theoretical calculations, 2) field studies of contaminated and natural analog sites and 3) model predictions of radionuclide behavior in remediation and waste disposal. Analyses of the risks from radioactive contamination require estimation of the rates of release and dispersion of the radionuclides through potential exposure pathways. These processes are controlled by solubility, speciation, sorption, and colloidal transport, which are strong functions of the compositions of the groundwater and geomedia as well as the atomic structure of the radionuclides.The chemistry of the fission products is relatively simple compared to the actinides. Because of their relatively short half-lives, fission products account for a large fraction of the radioactivity in nuclear waste for the first several hundred years but do not represent a long-term hazard in the environment. The chemistry of the longer-lived actinides is complex; however, some trends in their behavior can be described. Actinide elements of a given oxidation state have either similar or systematically varying chemical properties due to similarities in ionic size, coordination number, valence, and electron structure. In dilute aqueous systems at neutral to basic pH, the dominant actinide species are hydroxy-and carbonato-complexes, and the solubility-limiting solid phases are commonly oxides, hydroxides or carbonates. In general, actinide sorption will decrease in the presence of ligands that complex with the radionuclide; sorption of the (IV) species of actinides (Np, Pu, U) is generally greater than of the (V) species.The geochemistry of key radionuclides in three different environments is described in this report. These include: 1) low ionic strength reducing waters from crystalline rocks at nuclear waste research 4 sites in Sweden; 2) oxic water from the J-13 well at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, the site of a proposed repository for high level nuclear waste (HLW) in tuffaceous rocks; and 3) reference brines associated with the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). The transport behaviors of radionuclides associated with the Chernobyl reactor accident and the Oklo Natural Reactor are described. These examples span wide temporal and spatial scales and include the rapid geochemical and physical processes important to nuclear reactor accidents or industrial discharges as well as the slower processes important to the geologic disposal of nuclear waste.Application of geochemical information to remediating or assessing the risk posed by radioactive contamination is the final subject of this report. After radioactive source terms have been removed, large volumes of soil and water with low but potentially hazardous levels of contamination may remain. For poorly-sorbing radionuclides, capture of contaminated water and removal of radi...

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Interaction of Actinides with Natural Microporous Materials

Μisaelides

Γοδελίτσας

1999

Natural Microporous Materials in Environmental Technology

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Summary of sorption measurements performed with Yucca Mountain, Nevada, tuff samples and water from Well J-13

Cited by 37 publications

References 4 publications

Unsaturated Zone and Saturated Zone Transport Properties (U0100)

Unsaturated Zone and Saturated Zone Transport Properties (U0100)

Environmental Geochemistry of Radioactive Contamination

Interaction of Actinides with Natural Microporous Materials

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