Summer drought alters carbon allocation to roots and root respiration in mountain grassland

Hasibeder, Roland; Fuchslueger, Lucia; Richter, Andreas; Bahn, Michael

doi:10.1111/nph.13146

Cited by 223 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Stomatal closure at low water and subsequent decline in transpiration (Table ) could lead to reduced photosynthesis, and therefore, decreased plant‐derived SOC (Figure b) and plant‐derived C in microbial biomass (MBC PLANT ) through rhizodeposition (Figure a). These results are consistent with several other studies showing that drought can severely reduce belowground C allocation (Hasibeder, Fuchslueger, Richter, & Bahn, ; Sanaullah, Rumpel, Charrier, & Chabbi, ), which in return affect microbe‐mediated C turnover (Canarini & Dijkstra, ; Fuchslueger et al., ). While high temperature usually triggers stomatal closure after soils have dried out (Lahr, Schade, Crossett, & Watson, ; Weston & Bauerle, ), in our study, we frequently watered pots to maintain soil moisture at 15% and 25%, and therefore, photosynthesis may have continued resulting in increased plant‐derived SOC to the soil at high temperature compared to low temperature (Figure b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Drought and heat stress reduce yield and alter carbon rhizodeposition of different wheat genotypes

Bakhshandeh

Corneo

Yin

et al. 2018

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Drought and high temperature are major environmental stress factors threatening wheat production during grain filling stage resulting in substantial yield losses. Four wheat genotypes (Suntop, IAW2013, Scout and 249) were planted under two temperature levels (25 and 30°C) and two water levels (15% and 25% soil moisture content). Wheat yield, leaf δ13C, plant rhizodeposition, shoot biomass and root traits were examined. Low moisture (drought stress) and high temperature (heat stress) decreased the grain yield of all wheat genotypes, in particular 249, while combined drought and temperature stresses had the most pronounced negative effect on plant biomass and grain yield. Decreasing soil water availability decreased the allocation of plant‐derived C to soil organic carbon (SOC) and to microbial biomass through rhizodeposition. Leaf δ13C decreased with increased yield, suggesting that higher yielding genotypes were less water stressed and allocated less C to SOC and microbial biomass through rhizodeposition. Wheat genotypes with lower root/shoot ratios and thinner roots were more efficient at assimilating C to the grain, while genotypes with higher root/shoot ratios and thicker roots allocated more C belowground through rhizodeposition at the expense of producing higher yield. Therefore, improving these traits for enhanced C allocation to wheat grain under variable environmental conditions needs to be considered.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Drought and heat stress reduce yield and alter carbon rhizodeposition of different wheat genotypes

Bakhshandeh

Corneo

Yin

et al. 2018

J Agronomy Crop Science

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“…In the wetter savanna systems of the humid region (>750 mm of mean annual precipitation, MAP), it has been shown that a considerable amount of C is stored in the roots at the start of the dry season and is subsequently used by the herbaceous vegetation to re-sprout at the start of the next growing season [76]. If the dry season is intense, prolonged, or both, this memory effect allows vegetation to tap into these C reserves and maintain root respiration [77]. A recent global study by Murray-Tortarolo et al [78] lends support to this, finding that the intensity and duration of the dry season has a larger impact on annual primary productivity than increased rainfall in the rainy season.…”

Section: Relationship Between Ec Gpp Paw Vpd and Apimentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Water Controls on Vegetation Growth in the Semi-Arid Sahel Using Field and Earth Observation Data

et al. 2017

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Water loss is a crucial factor for vegetation in the semi-arid Sahel region of Africa. Global satellite-driven estimates of plant CO 2 uptake (gross primary productivity, GPP) have been found to not accurately account for Sahelian conditions, particularly the impact of canopy water stress. Here, we identify the main biophysical limitations that induce canopy water stress in Sahelian vegetation and evaluate the relationships between field data and Earth observation-derived spectral products for up-scaling GPP. We find that plant-available water and vapor pressure deficit together control the GPP of Sahelian vegetation through their impact on the greening and browning phases. Our results show that a multiple linear regression (MLR) GPP model that combines the enhanced vegetation index, land surface temperature, and the short-wave infrared reflectance (Band 7, 2105-2155 nm) of the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer satellite sensor was able to explain between 88% and 96% of the variability of eddy covariance flux tower GPP at three Sahelian sites (overall = 89%). The MLR GPP model presented here is potentially scalable at a relatively high spatial and temporal resolution. Given the scarcity of field data on CO 2 fluxes in the Sahel, this scalability is important due to the low number of flux towers in the region.

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“…Drought events (Fuchslueger et al., ; Hasibeder et al., ) and grassland management (Grigulis et al., ; Schmitt et al., ), taken independently, affect C and N cycling in mountain grasslands. However, the combined effects of drought and grassland management intensity and how they affect the resistance and resilience of the grassland community are not well known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use in mountain grasslands alters drought response and recovery of carbon allocation and plant‐microbial interactions

et al. 2017

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Mountain grasslands have recently been exposed to substantial changes in land use and climate and in the near future will likely face an increased frequency of extreme droughts. To date, how the drought responses of carbon (C) allocation, a key process in the C cycle, are affected by land‐use changes in mountain grassland is not known.We performed an experimental summer drought on an abandoned grassland and a traditionally managed hay meadow and traced the fate of recent assimilates through the plant–soil continuum. We applied two 13 CO 2 pulses, at peak drought and in the recovery phase shortly after rewetting.Drought decreased total C uptake in both grassland types and led to a loss of above‐ground carbohydrate storage pools. The below‐ground C allocation to root sucrose was enhanced by drought, especially in the meadow, which also held larger root carbohydrate storage pools.The microbial community of the abandoned grassland comprised more saprotrophic fungal and Gram(+) bacterial markers compared to the meadow. Drought increased the newly introduced AM and saprotrophic (A+S) fungi:bacteria ratio in both grassland types. At peak drought, the 13C transfer into AM and saprotrophic fungi, and Gram(−) bacteria was more strongly reduced in the meadow than in the abandoned grassland, which contrasted the patterns of the root carbohydrate pools.In both grassland types, the C allocation largely recovered after rewetting. Slowest recovery was found for AM fungi and their 13C uptake. In contrast, all bacterial markers quickly recovered C uptake. In the meadow, where plant nitrate uptake was enhanced after drought, C uptake was even higher than in control plots. Synthesis. Our results suggest that resistance and resilience (i.e. recovery) of plant C dynamics and plant‐microbial interactions are negatively related, that is, high resistance is followed by slow recovery and vice versa. The abandoned grassland was more resistant to drought than the meadow and possibly had a stronger link to AM fungi that could have provided better access to water through the hyphal network. In contrast, meadow communities strongly reduced C allocation to storage and C transfer to the microbial community in the drought phase, but in the recovery phase invested C resources in the bacterial communities to gain more nutrients for regrowth. We conclude that the management of mountain grasslands increases their resilience to drought.

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Summer drought alters carbon allocation to roots and root respiration in mountain grassland

Cited by 223 publications

References 68 publications

Drought and heat stress reduce yield and alter carbon rhizodeposition of different wheat genotypes

Drought and heat stress reduce yield and alter carbon rhizodeposition of different wheat genotypes

Evaluating Water Controls on Vegetation Growth in the Semi-Arid Sahel Using Field and Earth Observation Data

Land use in mountain grasslands alters drought response and recovery of carbon allocation and plant‐microbial interactions

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