2013
DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-5281-2013
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Summertime calcium carbonate undersaturation in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean – how biological processes exacerbate the impact of ocean acidification

Abstract: Abstract. The Arctic Ocean accounts for only 4% of the global ocean area, but it contributes significantly to the global carbon cycle. Recent observations of seawater CO2-carbonate chemistry in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean, primarily in the Chukchi Sea, from 2009 to 2011 indicate that bottom waters are seasonally undersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate (CaCO3) minerals, particularly aragonite. Nearly 40% of sampled bottom waters on the shelf have saturation states less than one for aragoni… Show more

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Cited by 47 publications
(52 citation statements)
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References 91 publications
(102 reference statements)
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“…Although f CO 2 and pCO 2 are typically measured or calculated at the surface, e.g., to estimate air-sea CO 2 fluxes, a limited number of studies also focus on those quantities below the surface (e.g., Brewer and Peltzer, 2009;Cocco et al, 2013;Bates et al, 2013). Here we recommend that future studies concerned with subsurface values should choose one of two options: (1) compute in situ f CO 2 and pCO 2 after making pressure corrections to K 0 and the fugacity coefficient following Weiss (1974) using total in situ pressure and in situ temperature or (2) calculate potential f CO 2 and pCO 2 at 1 atm pressure while using potential instead of in situ temperature.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although f CO 2 and pCO 2 are typically measured or calculated at the surface, e.g., to estimate air-sea CO 2 fluxes, a limited number of studies also focus on those quantities below the surface (e.g., Brewer and Peltzer, 2009;Cocco et al, 2013;Bates et al, 2013). Here we recommend that future studies concerned with subsurface values should choose one of two options: (1) compute in situ f CO 2 and pCO 2 after making pressure corrections to K 0 and the fugacity coefficient following Weiss (1974) using total in situ pressure and in situ temperature or (2) calculate potential f CO 2 and pCO 2 at 1 atm pressure while using potential instead of in situ temperature.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The slow acidification of the surface ocean is evident at the seven ocean CO 2 time-series sites (Figures 4c and 7; Bates et al, 2009Bates et al, , 2013.…”
Section: Time-series Site Dic (µMol Kgmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…In some areas like the Arctic, the pH conditions observed today are now corrosive to biologically important carbonate minerals. Some studies indicate that these corrosive conditions can cover up to 40% of the Chukchi Sea benthos seasonally (Bates et al 2013), and persist for 80% of the year in some hotspots (Cross et al 2017).…”
Section: Sidebar 52: Arctic Ocean Acidification-j N Cross and J Tmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, several comprehensive data synthesis products (Bates 2015;Cross et al 2017;Semiletov et al 2016;Qi et al 2017) were published using much of the available OA data collected in the Arctic Ocean. Several trends have emerged that clearly elucidate the rapid progression of OA across the Arctic Basin, including rapid CO2 uptake from the atmosphere and increasing carbonate mineral corrosivity (e.g., Evans et al 2015).…”
Section: Sidebar 52: Arctic Ocean Acidification-j N Cross and J Tmentioning
confidence: 99%