Sun exposure patterns of urban, suburban, and rural children: a dosimetry and diary study of 150 children

Bodekær, Mette; Petersen, B.; Philipsen, Peter Alshede; Heydenreich, Jakob; Thieden, Elisabeth; Wulf, Hans Christian

doi:10.1039/c5pp00052a

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Since the 1970s, some studies have measured sun exposure during selected activities such as gardening or walking (7,8,9,10,11).Others have focussed on measuring personal solar UVR exposure to generate baseline exposures in different population groups and behavioural settings (12,13). There have also been a few longitudinal studies concerning child sun exposure (14,15,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel approach to analysing large data sets of personal sun exposure measurements

Blesić

Stratimirović

Ajtić

et al. 2016

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Personal sun exposure measurements provide important information to guide the development of sun awareness and disease prevention campaigns. We assess the scaling properties of personal ultraviolet radiation (pUVR) sun exposure measurements using the Wavelet Transform (WT) spectral analysis to process long-range, high frequency personal recordings collected by electronic UVR dosimeters designed to measure erythemal UVR exposure. We analyzed the sun exposure recordings of schoolchildren, farmers, marathon runners and outdoor workers in South Africa, and construction workers and work site supervisors in New Zealand.We found scaling behavior in all the analysed pUVR datasets. We found that the observed scaling changes from uncorrelated to long-range correlated with increasing duration of sun exposure. Peaks in the WT spectra that we found suggest the existence of characteristic times in sun exposure behavior that were to some extent universal across our dataset. Our study also showed that WT measures enable group classification, as well as distinction between individual UVR exposures, otherwise unattainable by conventional statistical methods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When recording intervals are set for frequent data measurement, and when individuals wear the UVR dosimeter for a prolonged period of time (several days, weeks or months), measurements result in a large dataset that requires intense processing, analysis and interpretation (13,26).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel approach to analysing large data sets of personal sun exposure measurements

Blesić

Stratimirović

Ajtić

et al. 2016

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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show abstract

“…Particularly, since the amount of time people spent at recreational settings is increasing among Western populations [75,76]. The amount of UVR exposure at these venues is often high [21] while sun protection is regularly lacking during outdoor activities [77][78][79] and no prevention policies are at place. Moreover, children specifically are at high risk of receiving large amounts of UVR at playgrounds due to unavailability of shaded areas, as revealed by a recent study conducted in Germany [80].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is important for production of vitamin D [10], sun exposure and sunburns during early childhood are the most important risk factors for developing melanoma in later life [11][12][13][14][15] and should therefore be limited [16,17]. Objective data about the overall time children are exposed to UVR are inconsistent and vary per age group, latitude, and country of origin [18][19][20][21]. Even though insight in specific settings where children spend their outside time nowadays is scarce, children seem to often engage in outdoor activities at (pre)school [22,23], around the house and around the beach or swimming pools [24,25], when playing in outdoor playgrounds [26,27] or in public parks [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Environmental Interventions Targeting Skin Cancer Prevention among Children and Adolescents Effective? A Systematic Review

Thoonen

Osch

Vries

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Skin cancer, which is increasing exceedingly worldwide, is substantially preventable by reducing unprotected exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Several comprehensive interventions targeting sun protection behaviors among children and adolescents in various outdoor settings have been developed; however, there is a lack of insight on stand-alone effectiveness of environmental elements. To compose future skin cancer prevention interventions optimally, identification of effective environmental components is necessary. Hence, an extensive systematic literature search was conducted, using four scientific databases and one academic search engine. Seven relevant studies were evaluated based on stand-alone effects of various types of environmental sun safety interventions on socio-cognitive determinants, sun protection behaviors, UVR exposure, and incidence of sunburns and nevi. Free provision of sunscreen was most often the environmental component of interest, however showing inconsistent results in terms of effectiveness. Evidence regarding shade provision on shade-seeking behavior was most apparent. Even though more research is necessary to consolidate the findings, this review accentuates the promising role of environmental components in skin cancer prevention interventions and provides directions for future multi-component sun safety interventions targeted at children and adolescents in various outdoor settings.

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“…In our study, women from rural area were also included. Residents of rural areas generally have higher exposure to sun [18]which might increase vitamin D formation in the body. Higher level of vitamin D facilitates increase the serum calcium level.…”

Section: Serum Calcium Level In Pregnant Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum calcium level among pregnant women and its association with pre-eclampsia and delivery outcomes: A cross-sectional study from North India

Kant

Haldar

Gupta

et al. 2019

Nepal J Epidemiology

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Background: Calcium requirement increases during pregnancy, thereby increasing the chances of developing hypocalcaemia. Hypocalcaemia may be associated with pregnancy-related complications. Therefore, we planned this study to estimate the prevalence of hypocalcaemia among pregnant women attending secondary care hospital, and to study the association between hypocalcaemia and pregnancy outcomes. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in a secondary level hospital at Ballabgarh, district Faridabad, Haryana, India. Consecutive pregnant women with gestation period more than 28 weeks were enrolled. Dietary calcium intake was ascertained using 24-hour dietary recall method. Serum calcium estimation was done by Biolis 24i auto analyser. Outcome of pregnancy (preterm delivery, low birth weight (LBW) babies, and neonatal mortality) was assessed telephonically 3 months after the enrolment. Results: A total of 696 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. Mean (SD) dietary calcium intake and serum calcium level was 796.4 (360.4) mg/day and 9.56 (0.94) mg/dl respectively. Prevalence (95% CI) of hypocalcaemia was 23.9% (20.8 – 27.2%). Serum total calcium level was not associated with dietary calcium intake (p-value – 0.36). Mean serum calcium level was significantly lower in mothers who had LBW babies. Pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery, and neonatal mortality were not associated with serum calcium level. Conclusion: Serum calcium level may not be related to dietary calcium level. Hence, the current recommendation of calcium supplementation during antenatal period appears to be inconclusive among our study population.

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Sun exposure patterns of urban, suburban, and rural children: a dosimetry and diary study of 150 children

Abstract: Differences in sun exposure patterns exist between children from different areas and may be the background for higher skin cancer incidences in urban populations.

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Novel approach to analysing large data sets of personal sun exposure measurements

Novel approach to analysing large data sets of personal sun exposure measurements

Are Environmental Interventions Targeting Skin Cancer Prevention among Children and Adolescents Effective? A Systematic Review

Serum calcium level among pregnant women and its association with pre-eclampsia and delivery outcomes: A cross-sectional study from North India

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