Sunlight exposure: Do health benefits outweigh harm?

Razzaque, Mohammed S.

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.09.004

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…NB-UVB has been used extensively for decades, and a long-term follow-up of large patient cohorts who were receiving this therapy has not shown an increased incidence of malignancy (28,29). Some studies have challenged the assumption of linear risk with increasing UV radiation and reported a lower incidence and mortality for several cancers in populations with greater exposure to solar radiation (30,31). Regardless, it is impractical for UV phototherapy to be implemented on a population level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized clinical trial in vitamin D–deficient adults comparing replenishment with oral vitamin D3 with narrow-band UV type B light: effects on cholesterol and the transcriptional profiles of skin and blood ,

Ponda

Liang

Kim

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Design: We performed a randomized clinical trial in vitamin Ddeficient adults and compared vitamin D replenishment between subjects who received oral vitamin D 3 (n = 60) and those who received narrow-band UVB exposure (n = 58) #6 mo. Results: There was no difference in the change from baseline LDLcholesterol concentrations between oral vitamin D 3 and UVB groups (difference in median of oral vitamin D 3 minus that of UVB: 1.5 mg/dL; 95% CI: 25.0, 7.0 mg/dL). There were also no differences within groups or between groups for changes in total or HDL cholesterol or triglycerides. Transcriptional profiling of skin and blood, however, revealed significant upregulation of immune pathway signaling with oral vitamin D 3 but significant downregulation with UVB. Conclusions: Correcting vitamin D deficiency with either oral vitamin D 3 or UVB does not improve the lipid profile. Beyond cholesterol, these 2 modalities of raising 25(OH)D have disparate effects on gene transcription. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01688102.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized clinical trial in vitamin D–deficient adults comparing replenishment with oral vitamin D3 with narrow-band UV type B light: effects on cholesterol and the transcriptional profiles of skin and blood ,

Ponda

Liang

Kim

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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“…A person is in a state of vitamin D deficiency if the blood level is ≤20 ng/mL. The world is in a state of D hypovitaminosis, primarily due to less exposure to sunlight [ 12 ]. Other factors that influence vitamin D level are age, gender, ethnicity, skin color, season, clothing, and housing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Micronutrient and Mineral Intake in the Mediterranean Healthy Eating, Ageing, and Lifestyle (MEAL) Study

et al. 2018

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Background: Dietary vitamins and minerals are essential compounds for the proper functioning of metabolic enzymes, regulation of gene transcription, and powering the body’s defense against oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate micronutrient consumption separately by age and sex, major dietary sources, and percentage of individuals meeting the recommended requirements according to Italian (Livelli di Assunzione di Riferimento di Nutrienti (LARN)) and European (European Food Safety Agency (EFSA)) agencies. Methods: Data were obtained from the Mediterranean Healthy Eating, Ageing, and Lifestyle (MEAL) study, which included a sample of 1838 individuals randomly collected in the city of Catania, southern Italy. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to collect information on diet. Results: Intake of vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin B group (except vitamin B9) was in line with other reports and was adequate according to the guidelines, while the percentage of individuals meeting the guidelines for vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin B9 was about 3%, 10%, and 40%, respectively. Among minerals, intake of iron, magnesium, and selenium was adequate for most of the sample, while the percentage of individuals meeting the recommendations for calcium, sodium, and potassium intake was about 20%, 8%, and 35%, respectively. Conclusions: An important percentage of the population would benefit from campaigns raising awareness of micronutrient deficiency or excessive consumption potentially affecting their health.

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“…7,14,[20][21][22][23] Even when the skeletal or intracellular magnesium content of soft tissue may be depleted, the circulating levels of magnesium could remain within the normal range because of its tight homeostatic control 24 ; severely reduced tissue and shown to diminish the risk of some of the skeletal as well as nonskeletal disorders. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Vitamin D needs to be converted from its storage or inactive form (25[OH] D) to an active form (1,25[OH] 2 D) before exerting its biological functions. These various stages of vitamin D conversions are actively dependent on the bioavailability of magnesium.…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of Magnesium in Vitamin D Activation and Function

Uwitonze¹,

Razzaque²

2018

J Am Osteopath Assoc

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282

207

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Nutrients usually act in a coordinated manner in the body. Intestinal absorption and subsequent metabolism of a particular nutrient, to a certain extent, is dependent on the availability of other nutrients. Magnesium and vitamin D are 2 essential nutrients that are necessary for the physiologic functions of various organs. Magnesium assists in the activation of vitamin D, which helps regulate calcium and phosphate homeostasis to influence the growth and maintenance of bones. All of the enzymes that metabolize vitamin D seem to require magnesium, which acts as a cofactor in the enzymatic reactions in the liver and kidneys. Deficiency in either of these nutrients is reported to be associated with various disorders, such as skeletal deformities, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome. It is therefore essential to ensure that the recommended amount of magnesium is consumed to obtain the optimal benefits of vitamin D.

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Sunlight exposure: Do health benefits outweigh harm?

Cited by 35 publications

References 64 publications

A randomized clinical trial in vitamin D–deficient adults comparing replenishment with oral vitamin D3 with narrow-band UV type B light: effects on cholesterol and the transcriptional profiles of skin and blood ,

A randomized clinical trial in vitamin D–deficient adults comparing replenishment with oral vitamin D3 with narrow-band UV type B light: effects on cholesterol and the transcriptional profiles of skin and blood ,

Dietary Micronutrient and Mineral Intake in the Mediterranean Healthy Eating, Ageing, and Lifestyle (MEAL) Study

Role of Magnesium in Vitamin D Activation and Function

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