Sunscreens, cancer, and protecting our planet

Abstract

risks to our planet. And for Hawaiians, He po`i na kai uli, kai ko`o, 'a`ohe hina pūko`a. Though the sea be deep and rough, the coral rock remains standing. Hopefully, for generations to come.

Reducing the prevalence of chemical UV filters from sunscreen in aquatic environments: Regulatory, public awareness, and other considerations

“…Until the questions outlined in this paper are better understood, society will need to decide what level of risk to aquatic health, as well as to human health, we are willing to tolerate. Given the uncertainty regarding the extent of the environmental and public health impacts of chemical UV filters and their regulation, many environmental toxicologists and dermatologists advocate taking a precautionary approach, encouraging society to explore alternative forms of sun protection, novel water filtration techniques, and physical sun blockers including sun‐protective clothing and mineral‐based sunscreens that have, to date, been found to cause little to no harm to aquatic or human health (Corinaldesi et al, 2017; DiNardo & Downs, 2018; Galamgam et al, 2018; Schneider & Lim, 2019a). Similarly, both the World Health Organization and the Skin Cancer Foundation have recommended for some time that sunscreen should not be a first line of defense, and that sun‐protective clothing is the most effective form of sun protection (Skin Cancer Foundation, 2019; WHO, 2001).…”

Sunscreen pollution and tourism governance: Science and innovation are necessary for biodiversity conservation and sustainable tourism

“…The widespread use of chemical sunscreens may have already yielded measurable consequences (Tsui et al, 2014; Ma et al, 2016; Carve et al, 2021; Sengar & Vijayanandan, 2022). However, permanent harm to or even regional extinction of coral reefs and other natural resources is a situation that must be prevented (Galamgam, Linou & Linos, 2018). In response to this threat, Palau resolved in 2018 to adopt a precautionary governance policy for chemical sunscreens through the Responsible Tourism Education Act (RTEA; https://www.palaugov.pw, 2018).…”

“…The widespread use of chemical sunscreens may have already yielded measurable consequences (Tsui et al, 2014;Ma et al, 2016;Carve et al, 2021;Sengar & Vijayanandan, 2022). However, permanent harm to or even regional extinction of coral reefs and other natural resources is a situation that must be prevented (Galamgam, Linou & Linos, 2018). In response to this threat, Palau Regulatory prohibition of these chemicals and other contaminants of emerging concern is not only good policy, but also a manifestation of a traditional paradigm of conservation management.…”

“…Sunscreen pollution is when concentrations of the components of sunscreen products in the environment reach levels that may cause harm (Sang & Leung, 2016; Galamgam, Linou & Linos, 2018; Carve et al, 2021; Downs et al, 2021). Ultraviolet (UV) sunscreen compounds, fragrances and preservatives, such as oxybenzone, octocrylene, parabens and synthetic musks, can be detected in marine environments that extend from both polar regions to tropical coral reefs (Díaz‐Cruz & Barceló, 2015; Emnet et al, 2015; Claudia & Magrini, 2017; Domínguez‐Morueco et al, 2021).…”

Estratégias para identificação e quantificação de aminoácidos tipo micosporinas (MAAs) em cianobactérias e outros organismos para aplicação em cosmética e farmacêutica

“…Estes filtros estão também associados a problemas relacionados com a sua acumulação no organismo humano101 . Além disso, os filtros orgânicos não são ambientalmente sustentáveis causando um impacto negativo nos recifes de coral e outras formas de vida marinha102 .…”