¹H NMR Metabolomics and Full-Length RNA-Seq Reveal Effects of Acylated and Nonacylated Anthocyanins on Hepatic Metabolites and Gene Expression in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats

Abstract

Anthocyanins have been reported to possess antidiabetic effects. Recent studies indicate acylated anthocyanins have better stability and antioxidative activity compared to their nonacylated counterparts. This study compared the effects of nonacylated and acylated anthocyanins on hepatic gene expression and metabolic profile in diabetic rats, using full-length transcriptomics and 1 H NMR metabolomics. Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were fed with nonacylated anthocyanin extract from bilberries (NAAB) or acylated anthocyanin extract from purple potatoes (AAPP) at daily doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight for 8 weeks. Both anthocyanin extracts restored the levels of multiple metabolites (glucose, lactate, alanine, and pyruvate) and expression of genes ( G6pac , Pck1 , Pklr , and Gck ) involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. AAPP decreased the hepatic glutamine level. NAAB regulated the expression of Mgat4a , Gstm6 , and Lpl , whereas AAPP modified the expression of Mgat4a , Jun , Fos , and Egr1 . This study indicated different effects of AAPP and NAAB on the hepatic transcriptomic and metabolic profiles of diabetic rats.

Effect of Acylated and Nonacylated Anthocyanins on Urine Metabolic Profile during the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats

“…A high level of urinary glucose in ZDF rats indicates a high level of plasma glucose and/or renal dysfunction. Our previous studies have shown acylated anthocyanins from purple potato have more potential to decrease plasma and hepatic glucose levels, , and in this study, only a high dose of acylated anthocyanin extracts (AAPP) decreased urinary glucose. Urinary lactate level was higher in the diabetic group than in the lean Zucker rats.…”

“…Correlation analysis of urinary metabolites to plasma metabolites and clinical traits was conducted based on a debiased sparse partial analysis in Cytoscape (Version:3.2.1; ) ( r > 0.4 or r < −0.4; p < 0.05). In our previous study, we measured the plasma, hepatic, and fecal metabolites, fecal microbiota, as well as clinical traits, − which were used for correlation analysis with the urine metabolites in the current study.…”

The Effect of Polyphenol Extract from Rosa Roxburghii Fruit on Plasma Metabolome and Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

“…T2D is a serious disease characterized by disturbed lipid and glucose metabolism as well as inflammatory response disorders [ 17 ]. Therefore, the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism and inflammation is one of the strategies for the treatment and management of T2D.…”

Transcriptomic and Metabonomic Profiling Reveals the Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Tartary Buckwheat Sprouts in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice

“…Metabolomics and transcriptomics have been demonstrated to be powerful approaches to reveal the variations in the complicated regulatory networks of metabolic pathways . Barley sprouts have a protective influence on the liver.…”

“…Metabolomics and transcriptomics have been demonstrated to be powerful approaches to reveal the variations in the complicated regulatory networks of metabolic pathways. 27 Barley sprouts have a protective influence on the liver. Metabolomic analysis identified metabolite alterations in the fatty acid synthesis pathway of habitual alcohol drinkers upon the consumption of barley sprouts, which was similar to our results.…”