Super-resolved second harmonic generation imaging by coherent image scanning microscopy

Raanan, Dekel; Song, Man Suk; Tisdale, William A.; Oron, Dan

doi:10.1063/5.0073161

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…SHG microscopy has high axial and lateral resolution, as it is a coherent process that depends on the square of the electric field intensity, unlike Raman and PL which are incoherent processes that depend on the linear intensity. In addition, SHG microscopy has high specificity and contrast, as it only occurs in non-centrosymmetric structures, unlike Raman and PL which can occur in any structure that has molecular or electronic transitions 20 . Additionally, P-SHG applied pixel-by-pixel, in pixels with size much smaller than the beam waist radius (dictating the optical resolution), provides mappings of the SHG orientational fields, enabling a form of optical nanoscopy 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain distribution in WS2 monolayers detected through polarization-resolved second harmonic generation

Kourmoulakis,

Psilodimitrakopoulos,

Maragkakis

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Two-dimensional (2D) graphene and graphene-related materials (GRMs) show great promise for future electronic devices. GRMs exhibit distinct properties under the influence of the substrate that serves as support through uneven compression/ elongation of GRMs surface atoms. Strain in GRM monolayers is the most common feature that alters the interatomic distances and band structure, providing a new degree of freedom that allows regulation of their electronic properties and introducing the field of straintronics. Having an all-optical and minimally invasive detection tool that rapidly probes strain in large areas of GRM monolayers, would be of great importance in the research and development of novel 2D devices. Here, we use Polarization-resolved Second Harmonic Generation (P-SHG) optical imaging to identify strain distribution, induced in a single layer of WS2 placed on a pre-patterned Si/SiO2 substrate with cylindrical wells. By fitting the P-SHG data pixel-by-pixel, we produce spatially resolved images of the crystal armchair direction. In regions where the WS2 monolayer conforms to the pattern topography, a distinct cross-shaped pattern is evident in the armchair image owing to strain. The presence of strain in these regions is independently confirmed using a combination of atomic force microscopy and Raman mapping.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain distribution in WS2 monolayers detected through polarization-resolved second harmonic generation

Kourmoulakis,

Psilodimitrakopoulos,

Maragkakis

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Multi‐Photon Super‐Linear Image Scanning Microscopy Using Upconversion Nanoparticles

Wang,

Liu,

Ding

et al. 2024

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy is of great interest in life science studies for visualizing subcellular structures at the nanometer scale. Among various kinds of super‐resolution approaches, image scanning microscopy (ISM) offers a doubled resolution enhancement in a simple and straightforward manner, based on the commonly used confocal microscopes. ISM is also suitable to be integrated with multi‐photon microscopy techniques, such as two‐photon excitation and second‐harmonic generation imaging, for deep tissue imaging, but it remains the twofold limited resolution enhancement and requires expensive femtosecond lasers. Here, the super‐linear ISM (SL‐ISM) pushes the resolution enhancement beyond the factor of two is presented and experimentally demonstrated, with a single low‐power, continuous‐wave, and near‐infrared laser, by harnessing the emission nonlinearity within the multiphoton excitation process of lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). Based on a modified confocal microscope, a resolution of ≈120 nm, 1/8th of the excitation wavelength is achieved. Furthermore, a parallel detection strategy of SL‐ISM with the multifocal structured excitation pattern is demonstrated, to speed up the acquisition frame rate. This method suggests a new perspective for super‐resolution imaging or sensing, multi‐photon imaging, and deep‐tissue imaging with simple, low‐cost, and straightforward implementations.

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Second harmonic generation microscopy: a powerful tool for bio-imaging

Aghigh

Bancelin²,

Rivard

et al. 2023

Biophys Rev

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Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is an important optical imaging technique in a variety of applications. This article describes the history and physical principles of SHG microscopy and its more advanced variants, as well as their strengths and weaknesses in biomedical applications. It also provides an overview of SHG and advanced SHG imaging in neuroscience and microtubule imaging and how these methods can aid in understanding microtubule formation, structuration, and involvement in neuronal function. Finally, we offer a perspective on the future of these methods and how technological advancements can help make SHG microscopy a more widely adopted imaging technique.

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Super-resolved second harmonic generation imaging by coherent image scanning microscopy

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Strain distribution in WS2 monolayers detected through polarization-resolved second harmonic generation

Strain distribution in WS2 monolayers detected through polarization-resolved second harmonic generation

Multi‐Photon Super‐Linear Image Scanning Microscopy Using Upconversion Nanoparticles

Second harmonic generation microscopy: a powerful tool for bio-imaging

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