Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass and Organic Wastes

Guo, Liejin; Chen, Cao; Lu, Youjun

doi:10.5772/9774

Cited by 29 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Therefore, fast pyrolysis can be used to solve one of the challenges of hydrothermal gasification of biomass, which is the difficulty in delivering solid biomass feedstock continuously into a hydrothermal reactor [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic conversion of bio-oil in supercritical water: Influence of RuO2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts on gasification efficiencies and bio-methane production

Onwudili

Williams

2016

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

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Catalytic supercritical water gasification of heavy (dewatered) bio-oil has been investigated in a batch reactor in the presence of ruthenium catalysts in the form of RuO 2 on -Al 2 O 3 support. The reactions were carried out at temperatures of 400 °C, 450 °C and 500 °C and reaction times of up to 60 min using 15 wt% of bio-oil feed. Increased ruthenium oxide loading led to increased carbon gasification efficiencies (CGE) and bio-methane production.Hence, using the 20 wt% RuO 2 / -Al 2 O 3 catalyst, CGE was 97.4 wt% at 500 °C and methane yield reached nearly 30 wt% of the bio-oil feed, which gave a CH 4 /CO 2 molar ratio of 1.28.There was evidence that the RuO 2 was involved in the initial conversion of the bio-oil to carbon oxides and hydrogen as well as the reduction of the CO 2 to methane via CO methanation. However, competition for CO consumption via the water-gas shift reaction was also possible due to the large presence of water as the reaction medium. This work therefore demonstrates that high concentrations of heavy fraction of bio-oil can be catalytically converted to a methane-rich gas product under hydrothermal conditions at moderate temperatures. The calorific values of the gas product reached up to 54 MJ.kg -1 , which is nearly 3 times the HHV of the bio-oil feed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic conversion of bio-oil in supercritical water: Influence of RuO2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts on gasification efficiencies and bio-methane production

Onwudili

Williams

2016

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

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“…As seen in (Table 7), Turkey has an important potential of wheat straw which is almost 66.07% of total bioenergy sources. These agricultural wastes can also be transformed to ethanol, biodiesel, hydrogen-and-methane-rich gaseous products by the hydrolysis methods and these products are considered to be the best fuel for electricity production [26,[31][32][33]. seen in Table 4, the total direct use planned for 2013 is significantly higher compared to the values in 2005, indicating that the Turkish government is planning to increase geothermal energy investments and incentives.…”

Section: Geothermal Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy Scenarios as a Key for Sustainable Rural Area Applications in Turkey

Deniz¹,

Öncel²

2016

J Bioengineer & Biomedical Sci

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In order to reduce dependency on petroleum fuels, Turkey, a country located in Southeastern Europe and Southwestern Asia, in search of new energy sources like the other countries. Modern energy services can be considered as renewable energy technologies (RETs) which are sustainable and abundant in the country. However considering the total cost of RET production, renewable energy sources can be used not to replace the fossil fuels, but to supply energy requirement in rural areas, in order to decrease the imported energy resources that place a big burden on the economy. In this study, the renewable energy resources in Turkey were comparatively expressed, regards to the potential and current use. This paper was aimed to provide an overview of worldwide examples and projects for the use of renewable energy technologies that can also be applied in Turkey, which has a proportion of rural population, to increase the access to modern energy services in rural areas in the country. For these purposes, the rural and nationwide renewable energy productions were compared and the limitations and prospects were also discussed.

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“…Jin et al [12] also demonstrated the potential of producing chemicals such as acetic and formic acids via alkaline hydrothermal biomass processing. In addition, many researchers have investigated the supercritical water gasification of waste biomass liquor from various biomass-based industries [13][14][15][16][17]. For instance, black liquor containing lignin derivatives and high content of alkali wastes is a byproduct in pulping process and contains about 90% COD of the pulping wastes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced methane and hydrogen yields from catalytic supercritical water gasification of pine wood sawdust via pre-processing in subcritical water

Onwudili

Williams

2013

RSC Adv.

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A two-stage batch hydrothermal process has been investigated with the aim of enhancing the yields of hydrogen and methane from sawdust. Samples of the sawdust were rapidly treated in subcritical water and with added Na 2 CO 3 (alkaline compound) and Nb 2 O 3 (solid acid) at 280 °C, 8 MPa. Each pre-processing route resulted in a solid recovered product (SRP), an aqueous residual and a small amount of gas composed mainly of CO 2 . In the second stage, the SRP and the liquid residuals were gasified in supercritical water in the presence of Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalyst for reaction times of up to 60 min for the SRP at 500 °C, 30 MPa. With the catalyst, carbon gasification efficiencies and methane selectivity increased with increasing reaction time. Overall, SRP from the Na 2 CO 3 pre-processing route produced 51% more hydrogen and 61% more methane than the original sawdust under identical reaction conditions. The cumulative yields of methane and hydrogen were 57.1 mol/kg, 42.5 mol/kg and 47.7 mol/kg, from Na 2 CO 3 , Nb 2 O 5 and neutral pre-processing routes, respectively. The combined yield of the two gases from direct SCWG of the original sawdust was 24.6 mol/kg. The entire process may re-present a stepchange in future energy production from biomass as the products from the first stage can be used as feedstocks for various other biomass conversion technologies.

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Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass and Organic Wastes

Cited by 29 publications

References 59 publications

Catalytic conversion of bio-oil in supercritical water: Influence of RuO2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts on gasification efficiencies and bio-methane production

Catalytic conversion of bio-oil in supercritical water: Influence of RuO2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts on gasification efficiencies and bio-methane production

Renewable Energy Scenarios as a Key for Sustainable Rural Area Applications in Turkey

Enhanced methane and hydrogen yields from catalytic supercritical water gasification of pine wood sawdust via pre-processing in subcritical water

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