Superior charge-transfer kinetics of NASICON-type Li3V2(PO4)3 cathodes by multivalent Al3+ and Cl− substitutions

Li3V2(PO4)3 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries: A review

“…[177], and Mo 6+ [290], etc., have been employed as dopants in the LVP system. Even multi-element doping [291][292][293] and anion doping [294] were also carried out.…”

“…More details about the effect of ion-doping on the electrochemical performance of LVP cathodes are summarized in Table 2. Reproduced with permission from [293].…”

Impact of Cl Doping on Electrochemical Performance in Orthosilicate (Li2FeSiO4): A Density Functional Theory Supported Experimental Approach

“…Various methods such as nanostructuring, the introduction of carbon conductive additive, supervalent cationic and anionic doping etc., have been employed to overcome these issues. − However, these methods have been found to improve the overall electrode electronic conductivity, but anionic doping has been proven to substantially change the inherent electronic properties of the material . For example, nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), fluorine (F), and chlorine (Cl) doping have been reported as effective dopants to improve the electrochemical performances of various electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). ,− The anionic (N, S, and F) doping has been very well studied experimentally and theoretically in the case of LiFePO 4 and Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , whereas, in the case of Li 2 FeSiO 4 , it has only been investigated through simulations. However, the impact of Cl doping in the case of silicates has not been studied yet, while it has been demonstrated experimentally that, in the case of LiFePO 4 and Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , the electrochemical performance was enhanced with doping. − It has been also observed that anionic doping can shift potential plateau voltage position and, thus, can help in the tailoring of material properties. , Using density functional theory (DFT)-based calculations, Armand et al have demonstrated the change in potential plateau position by replacing O by N in Li 2 FeSiO 4 .…”

Flexible All-Solid-State Li-Ion Battery Manufacturable in Ambient Atmosphere

“…NASICON-type anodic LiTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 and cathodic Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 are made of environmentally friendly materials. In addition, they are constructed by stable lattice structures consisting of three-dimensional pathways for Li + transportation, which enable negligible (de)­intercalation strain and fast transportation of Li + while cycling, leading to good rate performance and extended cycle life. , The intrinsically poor electronic conductivity of NASICON-type materials can be mitigated by elemental doping, optimization of particle size, or surface modification in terms of carbon coating. − Regarding the flexibility of electrodes, instead of using a large amount of nonconductive binders, the recent research trend is to fabricate electrodes that possess high specific energy density and flexibility in novel geometric designs without the application of carbon additives, binder, or even conventional metallic current collectors. − Such an electrode is usually made of active material combined with graphene or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and feature a high in-plane electrical conductivity, an outstanding tensile modulus, and great mechanical endurance. − The elastic feature of carbon-based fabrics can also eliminate the influence caused by volume variations of embedded active materials during charge–discharge and thus preserve the microstructure of electrodes from deformation caused by internal strain . Comparing the application of CNT fabric with graphene in flexible electrodes, advantages of low cost, high flexibility, being substrate-free, and sufficient content of graphitized carbon make CNT fabric highly competitive for large-scale production.…”