Superior CMS (Ogura) lines with better combining ability improve yield and maturity in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis)

Abstract

Three CMS lines, Ogu1A, Ogu2A and Ogu3A were selected among ten lines after BC 7 based on superior commercial, floral and seed setting traits. Introgression of sterile Ogura cytoplasm in cauliflower nuclear background reduced the flower size but did not affect commercial and seed setting traits drastically. Line 9 Tester analysis was done by taking these three CMS lines free from floral deformities as female parent with nine diverse lines of snowball cauliflower as tester. The parent Ogu2A exhibited highest GCA effect for curd yield (4.51) and harvest index (1.97) while Ogu1A exhibited highest GCA for earliness (-2.73). The parent, Ogu2A exhibited significant GCA for curd length (0.39) while, none of the CMS lines showed significant GCA for curd diameter and depth. Heterosis for curd yield was highest in the hybrid, Ogu2A 9 Kt-22 (63.5%) followed by Ogu1A 9 WF (36.9%) and Ogu1A 9 Kt-15 was the best hybrid for earliness followed by Ogu3A 9 Kt-22 with heterosis of -14.4% and -11.7%. However, the number of heterotic hybrids for yield and earliness was low indicating narrow genetic base of the snowball cauliflower.

Doubled haploid based parental lines are most suitable in predicting heterosis using microsatellites and in development of highly heterotic F1hybrids inBrassica oleracea

“…The replacement of open pollinated varieties with F 1 hybrids have become much pronounced in cole vegetables including cauliflower due to high uniformity, better quality, tolerance to various biotic stresses and vagaries of adverse climatic conditions [17, 69]. It is well established that Brassica vegetables exhibit a wide range of heterosis and high heterosis have been reported in cauliflower also for both yield and quality traits [13, 15, 69]. Nature has bestowed Brassica vegetables with genetic mechanisms of sporophytic self-incompatibility (SI) and cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS), which have efficiently triggered the hybrid breeding programme in these crops [13, 15, 17, 66, 69, 77].…”

“…It is well established that Brassica vegetables exhibit a wide range of heterosis and high heterosis have been reported in cauliflower also for both yield and quality traits [13, 15, 69]. Nature has bestowed Brassica vegetables with genetic mechanisms of sporophytic self-incompatibility (SI) and cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS), which have efficiently triggered the hybrid breeding programme in these crops [13, 15, 17, 66, 69, 77]. However, in the current scenario of increasing temperature as a result of global warming there is frequent breakdown of self-incompatibility, as S-alleles are more prone to high temperature.…”

“…Thus, realizing the utility of DH technology in accelerating the genetic improvement of B. oleracea crops, completely homozygous DH lines have been developed by our group previously through IMC in cauliflower [7-9]. Concurrently, advance generation Ogura CMS lines in cauliflower for heterosis breeding have also been developed by protoplast fusion followed by recurrent backcrossing in the nuclear background of elite genotypes [6, 13].…”

Production of a desirable Brassica oleraceaCMS line using an alloplasmic B. rapaCMS line carrying Diplotaxis erucoides cytoplasm as a bridge plant

“…The most major CMS in B. oleracea is referred as improved Ogura CMS discovered from Japanese radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) (Bannerot, Loulidard, Cauderon, & Tempe, ; Dey, Bhatia, Sharma, Parkash, & Sureja, & Ogura, ). It is also used worldwide in F 1 seed production of B. napus , B. juncea and R. sativus (Dey, Sharma, Bhatia, Kumar, & Prakash, ; Dey, Sharma, Bhatia, Parkash, & Barwal, ; Kagami, Abamatsu, & Shiga, ). A variety of alien cytoplasm has ever been introduced in B. oleracea such as that of Diplotaxis muralis (Shinada, Kikucho, Fujimoto, & Kishitani, ), Moricandia arvensis (Chamola, Balyan, & Bhat, ) and Erucastrum canariense (Chamola et al., ).…”

A study of heterosis, combining ability and heritability between two male sterile lines and ten inbred lines of Tagetes patula

“…In analyses of combining ability, general combining ability (GCA) describes the average performance of a line in different hybrid combinations, and specific combining ability (SCA) represents the deviation of an individual cross from the expected performance based on the average performance of the different lines analyzed (Sprague and Tatum 1942). Combining ability has been widely used in predicting the performance of F 1 generations and improving the quality, yield and resistance of crop, vegetable, fruit and ornamental species (Rumpunen and Kviklys 2003;Bhateria et al 2006;Capocasa et al 2008;Makumbi et al 2011;Sibiya et al 2011;Parkes et al 2013;Dey et al 2011Dey et al , 2014Chigeza et al 2014). Combining ability analysis has been conducted within the Tagetes spp.…”