Superparamagnetic iron oxide: pharmacokinetics and toxicity

Weissleder, Ralph; Stark, David D.; Engelstad, Barry L.; Bacon, Bruce R.; Compton, Carolyn C.; White, David L.; Jacobs, Paula; Lewis, J.

doi:10.2214/ajr.152.1.167

Cited by 980 publications

(722 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

685

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Magnetite biocompatibility has already been proven. 131,159 Following internalization, SPIO generally accumulate in lysosomes where the iron oxide core is broken down to iron ions through low pH exposure and these ions are incorporated into the hemoglobin pool. 154 Intracellular dextranase further assist with the degradation process by cleaving the dextran moiety.…”

Section: Biocompatibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Probes for Molecular Imaging

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-The field of molecular imaging has recently seen rapid advances in the development of novel contrast agents and the implementation of insightful approaches to monitor biological processes non-invasively. In particular, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) have demonstrated their utility as an important tool for enhancing magnetic resonance contrast, allowing researchers to monitor not only anatomical changes, but physiological and molecular changes as well. Applications have ranged from detecting inflammatory diseases via the accumulation of non-targeted SPIO in infiltrating macrophages to the specific identification of cell surface markers expressed on tumors. In this article, we attempt to illustrate the broad utility of SPIO in molecular imaging, including some of the recent developments, such as the transformation of SPIO into an activatable probe termed the magnetic relaxation switch.

show abstract

Section: Biocompatibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Probes for Molecular Imaging

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Over the toxicology point of view, Fe 3 O 4 -NPs are good tolerated in vivo showing no toxic effect (Wu et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2011;Weissleder et al, 1989). In contrast, others in vivo studies show a fairy toxic effect over different tissue and cell, i.e.…”

Section: Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetite (Fe3 O4 ) nanoparticles: Are they really safe?

Ramírez¹

2015

lgr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Manuscrito recibido el 21 de noviembre de 2014. Aceptado, tras revisión, el 4 de junio de 2015. AbstractIron oxide nanoparticles and in particular Fe3O4 Nanoparticles are new materials used in biotechnology and nanotechnology, Food and drugs administration has approved several coated and bare Iron oxide nanoparticless and they are actually used in biomedical applications as: Magnetic Resonance Imaging contrast agent, Thermotherapy agent, Drug carrier for cancer treatments, and so on.All this applications bring risk of: a single exposure, workplace exposure, incidental and environmental release and potential long life use. In this regard, iron oxide nanoparticles toxic effect, in particular neurotoxicity is not well known and it needs to be assessed.The aim of this review is to present several iron oxide nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo studies that reflex Fe3O4 actual an overview toxicological profile.

show abstract

“…Under the adiabatic assumption that relaxation effects are negligible, the scalar magnetization of a SPIO in response to an applied field H(x, t) [A/m] obeys the Langevin equation for paramagnetism (1) where We now derive the adiabatic X-Space Image Reconstruction Equation by simply dividing the received signal by the instantaneous FFP velocity and scalar terms to obtain (4) where adiab (x s (t)) is the adiabatic x-space image. Computing (4), we obtain the Adiabatic X-Space Imaging Equation: (5) which is the 1-D magnetic particle distribution convolved with the MPI 1-D point spread function (PSF), which we can clearly identify from this equation to be the derivative of the Langevin equation:…”

Section: A Review Of Adiabatic X-space Theory In One Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relaxation in x-space Magnetic Particle Imaging

Croft

Goodwill

Ferguson

et al. 2012

Springer Proceedings in Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a new imaging modality that noninvasively images the spatial distribution of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs). MPI has demonstrated high contrast and zero attenuation with depth, and MPI promises superior safety compared to current angiography methods, X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging angiography. Nanoparticle relaxation can delay the SPIO magnetization, and in this work we investigate the open problem of the role relaxation plays in MPI scanning and its effect on the image. We begin by amending the x-space theory of MPI to include nanoparticle relaxation effects. We then validate the amended theory with experiments from a Berkeley x-space relaxometer and a Berkeley x-space projection MPI scanner. Our theory and experimental data indicate that relaxation reduces SNR and asymmetrically blurs the image in the scanning direction. While relaxation effects can have deleterious effects on the MPI scan, we show theoretically and experimentally that x-space reconstruction remains robust in the presence of relaxation. Furthermore, the role of relaxation in x-space theory provides guidance as we develop methods to minimize relaxation-induced blurring. This will be an important future area of research for the MPI community.

show abstract

Superparamagnetic iron oxide: pharmacokinetics and toxicity

Cited by 980 publications

References 12 publications

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Probes for Molecular Imaging

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Probes for Molecular Imaging

Magnetite (Fe3 O4 ) nanoparticles: Are they really safe?

Relaxation in x-space Magnetic Particle Imaging

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About