Supplementation of parenteral nutrition with fish oil attenuates acute lung injury in a rat model

Kohama, Kazuyuki; Nakao, Atsunori; Terashima, Mariko; Ishikawa, Michiko; Shioiri, Takayuki; Harada, Daisuke; Nakayama, Mitsuo; Yamashita, Hayato; Fujiwara, Mayu; Kotani, Joji

doi:10.3164/jcbn.13-90

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Supporting our findings, FO emulsion preconditioning for 3 days was previously found to significantly lower the serum and lung levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in an ischemia-reperfusion ALI model in rats [29]. Clinoleic or Omegaven preconditioning also reduced TNF-α in BALF in the present study, similar to previous findings from humans [7], rats [19,29] and mice [30,31], indicating that infusion of FO achieved a significant reduction of TNF-α upon ALI induction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Preconditioning rats with three lipid emulsions prior to acute lung injury affects cytokine production and cell apoptosis in the lung and liver

Huang

et al. 2020

Lipids Health Dis

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Background: Critically ill patients are at higher risk having acute lung injury (ALI) and more often in need of parenteral nutrition. We sought to study whether preconditioning with representative of lipid emulsions for one week could benefit rats from ALI. Methods: Using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI rat model and techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Results: PGE 2 production in the serum was highest in the LPS group, followed with Intralipid group, and the PGE 2 level of these two groups was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the rest. Intralipid conditioning caused significantly less production of LTB 4 than the LPS, Clinoleic, or Omegaven group. In contrast to Intralipid, rats pretreated with Clinoleic or Omegaven significantly decreased their production of inflammatory mediators (IL-1 β, IL-6 and TNF-α), had less apoptosis in the lung tissues, and Omegaven greatly improved liver function upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Conclusions: In an ALI setting, preconditioning with Omegaven or Clinoleic was better than Intralipid in decreasing the intensity of the cytokine storm and apoptosis caused by LPS challenge, and Omegaven in addition had the potential to improve liver function. The results from the present study set a basis for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms of ALI, including the up-and downstream pathways of proinflammatory factor production, in search of (small) molecules intervening with the pathogenesis of ALI in order to translate relevant research findings into clinical benefit for patients with ALI. The use of Omegaven or Clinoleic, particularly in patients with ALI, is still characterized by uncertainty due to a lack of relevant studies. Future investigations must specifically focus on the route of administration and mode of application (enteral vs. parenteral/bolus vs. continuous), determining an optimal dose of Omegaven or Clinoleic, and the defining the best timepoint(s) for administration. Critically ill patients are at higher risk having acute lung injury (ALI) and more often in need of parenteral nutrition. The effect of lipid emulsion via parenteral nutrition on liver function was first time evaluated in rats in an ALI setting. The comparison of three forms of lipid emulsion in a rat model of acute lung injury was first time studied. The fish oilbased lipid emulsion decrease in PGE 2 and increase in LTB 4 was first time reported.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are known potent inflammatory lipid mediators that are involved in hypersensitivity and respiratory disorders, and have immunoregulatory properties [19,20]. AA is metabolized to produce proinflammatory series 4 leukotrienes and series 2 prostaglandins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preconditioning rats with three lipid emulsions prior to acute lung injury affects cytokine production and cell apoptosis in the lung and liver

Huang

et al. 2020

Lipids Health Dis

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“…One of the potential mechanisms of adjunctive efficacy is the modulation of gut microbiota by specific dietary supplementation (Singh et al 2017 ). ω-3 PUFAs supplementation has a therapeutic benefit in alleviating several lung disorders, including COPD (Wood 2015 ), asthma (Bisgaard et al 2016 ), ARDS (Kohama et al 2014 ), and even coronavirus disease COVID-19 (Safaei Ardestani & Rahideh 2022 ). However, the influence of ω-3 PUFAs supplementation on PM2.5 exposure induced lung injury remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ameliorate PM2.5 exposure induced lung injury in mice through remodeling the gut microbiota and modulating the lung metabolism

Chen

Shi

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Short-term or long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is related to increased incidences of respiratory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the influences of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammation, lung metabolic profile, and gut microbiota in PM2.5-induced lung injury mice. Mice were divided into four groups ( n = 15, per group): two unsupplemented groups, control group and PM2.5 group, and two supplemented groups with ω-3 PUFAs, ω-3 PUFAs group, and ω-3 PUFAs + PM2.5 group. Mice in the supplemented groups were placed on an ω-3 PUFAs-enriched diet (ω-3 PUFAs, 21 g/kg). During the 5th to 6th week of dietary supplementation, mice were exposed to PM2.5 by intra-tracheal instillation. ω-3 PUFAs ameliorate lung histopathological injury, reduce inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, affect lung metabolite profile, and modulate gut microbiota in PM2.5-induced lung injury mice. Thus, supplementary ω-3 PUFAs showed effectiveness in attenuation of PM2.5-induced lung injury, indicating that the interventions exhibited preventive and therapeutic potential. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-022-25111-0.

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“…Fish oil was found to have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects on lung injury when compared to long-chain triglycerides (LCT) or medium-chain triglycerides (MCT)/LCT emulsions, indicating that partial replacement of n-6 fatty acids with marine n-3 fatty acids during ARDS may be beneficial. In a rat model of acute lung injury, Kohama et al ( 2014 ) found that, when compared to soybean oil, parenteral nutrition supplemented with fish oil improved gas exchange and inhibited both neutrophil recruitment and upregulation of inflammatory mediator mRNAs, as well as increased anti-inflammatory eicosanoid 4-series leukotrienes (LTB5) production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could early infusion of fish-oil-based lipid emulsion affect the need for intensive care in moderately diseased COVID-19 patients? A randomized clinical trial

Soliman

Abbas

Aboelhassan

et al. 2022

Ain-Shams J Anesthesiol

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Background Sixty moderate diseased COVID-19 patients were divided into two equal groups and were enrolled in a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Group C was delivered standard enteral nutrition plus 100 ml/day of 0.9% normal saline. Group L was delivered fish-oil-based lipid emulsion (FOBLE) supplementation to standard enteral nutrition at a dose of 100 ml/day. Both groups infused at a rate of 12.5 ml/h over 8 h for 5 days. We aimed to compare the effect of FOBLE versus placebo in COVID-19 disease to clarify the impact on the number of patients shifted to the ICU, oxygenation, inflammatory markers, and short-term outcomes (7 days). Results The failed conventional care and shift to ICU was significantly lower in group L in comparison to group C (six patients (20.0%) versus 14 patients (46.7%) shifted to ICU, P-value = 0.028). The inflammatory markers were determined and evaluated. Throughout the trial, there were no significant changes with the exception of the 7th day neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), when the ratio was lower in group L than in group C (6.10 (3.90–7.20) versus 9.65 (8.30–10.90), respectively, P-value 0.001). Conclusions In moderate diseased COVID-19 patients, early administration of parenteral FOBLE as an adjuvant to enteral feeding reduces shifts and so minimizes the burden on the ICU. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov PRS (NCT04957940). Registered on 5 July 2021.

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Supplementation of parenteral nutrition with fish oil attenuates acute lung injury in a rat model

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Preconditioning rats with three lipid emulsions prior to acute lung injury affects cytokine production and cell apoptosis in the lung and liver

Preconditioning rats with three lipid emulsions prior to acute lung injury affects cytokine production and cell apoptosis in the lung and liver

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ameliorate PM2.5 exposure induced lung injury in mice through remodeling the gut microbiota and modulating the lung metabolism

Could early infusion of fish-oil-based lipid emulsion affect the need for intensive care in moderately diseased COVID-19 patients? A randomized clinical trial

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