2021
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052751
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Supplementing with L-Tryptophan Increases Medium Protein and Alters Expression of Genes and Proteins Involved in Milk Protein Synthesis and Energy Metabolism in Bovine Mammary Cells

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementing with L-tryptophan (L-Trp) on milk protein synthesis using an immortalized bovine mammary epithelial (MAC-T) cell line. Cells were treated with 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5 mM of supplemental L-Trp, and the most efficient time for protein synthesis was determined by measuring cell, medium, and total protein at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Time and dose tests showed that the 48 h incubation time and a 0.9 mM dose of L-Trp were the optimal … Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(12 citation statements)
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“…A previous study similarly observed that HS could promote the gene or protein expression of mTOR [ 71 ]. Additionally, it was demonstrated that essential amino acids (Leu, Ile, Thr, Met, Arg, Trp and Lys) and non-essential amino acids (Glu and Gln) have the ability to improve the expression of mTOR [ 72 , 73 ]. It is plausible that BMECs could regulate the gene expression of mTOR, partly through intracellular amino acid metabolism and concentration to adapt to HS.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A previous study similarly observed that HS could promote the gene or protein expression of mTOR [ 71 ]. Additionally, it was demonstrated that essential amino acids (Leu, Ile, Thr, Met, Arg, Trp and Lys) and non-essential amino acids (Glu and Gln) have the ability to improve the expression of mTOR [ 72 , 73 ]. It is plausible that BMECs could regulate the gene expression of mTOR, partly through intracellular amino acid metabolism and concentration to adapt to HS.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The addition of HMBi upregulated the elongation protein eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit (EIF3A) but downregulated the ribosomal proteins RPS12 and RPS21. Supplementation with D-Met stimulated phosphoinositide 3 (PI3) kinase, an upstream mTOR activator [ 19 , 28 , 33 , 34 ]. The list of all upregulated and downregulated proteins are listed in Tables 8 and 9 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…HMBi supplementation stimulated the production of EIF3A protein essential for protein translation initiation [ 19 , 28 ] higher than the D-Met group. EIF3A is vital for stimulating protein synthesis [ 19 , 28 ]. The RPS12 and RPS21 were decreased in the HMBi group but not in the D-Met group.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…27 Trp and its metabolites play important physiological roles in a variety of biological processes associated with cell growth and the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis through the regulation of certain signaling pathways and may contribute to the process of muscle development and myofiber type transformation. 28 Previous studies have shown that adequate dietary Trp is essential for the early growth and development of piglets, 29 with inadequate Trp levels in the diets of piglets resulting in decreased feed intake and growth rate. 30 Moreover, adequate supplementation of Trp increases ADG and ADFI in piglets, while decreasing FCR.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%