Support for the Microgenderome: Associations in a Human Clinical Population

Wallis, Amy; Butt, Henry L.; Ball, Michelle; Lewis, Donald P.; Bruck, Dorothy

doi:10.1038/srep19171

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Our research 6 indicated support for the microgenderome by showing sex-specific associations between gut microbiota and symptom presentation in ME/CFS (detailed below). Results from faecal microbial assessments and self-reported symptoms were analyzed from 274 ME/CFS patients.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Twin studies have revealed that the once similar microbial composition of opposite-sex twins becomes distinctly different after puberty when compared to same-sex twins that remain compositionally similar 5 . Application of the microgenderome lens has only recently been applied to a human clinical population 6 . The focus of this addendum is to provide a comprehensive summary of the original results and additional commentary on our earlier findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The frequency and relative abundance (RA) of selected anaerobic ( Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Eubacterium , and Lactobacillus ) and aerobic ( Escherichia, Streptococcus , and Enterococcus ) genera were similar across the sexes (data available in Table S2 in the original article 6 ). Sex-differences between self-reported symptoms in the presence of compositional similarity led to investigation of possible sex-interactions between microbiota and symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Culture-based methods for bacterial identification (MALDI-TOF MS) were used to measure microbial composition (see methods from original report 6 ). The frequency and relative abundance (RA) of selected anaerobic ( Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Eubacterium , and Lactobacillus ) and aerobic ( Escherichia, Streptococcus , and Enterococcus ) genera were similar across the sexes (data available in Table S2 in the original article 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Support for the microgenderome invites enquiry into sex differences

Wallis

Butt²,

Ball

et al. 2016

Gut Microbes

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The microgenderome defines the interaction between microbiota, sex hormones and the immune system. Our recent research inferred support for the microgenderome by showing sex differences in microbiota-symptom associations in a clinical sample of patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). This addendum expands upon the sex-specific pattern of associations that were observed. Interpretations are hypothesized in relation to genera versus species-level analyses and D-lactate theory. Evidence of sex-differences invites future research to consider sex comparisons in microbial function even when microbial abundance is statistically similar. Pairing assessment of clinical symptoms with microbial culture, DNA sequencing and metabolomics methods will help advance our current understandings of the role of the microbiome in health and disease.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Support for the microgenderome invites enquiry into sex differences

Wallis

Butt²,

Ball

et al. 2016

Gut Microbes

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“…In male subjects, the abundance and prevalence of Prevotellaceae , which was the sole strong determinant of a sample plot being located in the PC1-positive/PC2-positive direction in the PCA analysis, were both significantly higher ( P < 0.01) than in female subjects (Table 4), which may account for the distinct partitioning between cluster 1 and cluster 2 in the male subjects. Recent studies have demonstrated that the composition of the gut microbiota is gender-specific (microgenderome) and that there is a gender-specific, bidirectional relationship between the host and the gut microbiota that is mediated via sex hormones [7, 29]. This suggests that the differences in the composition of the fecal microbiota observed between the female and male subjects in the present study are a result of a gender-specific relationship between the host and their gut microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Comprehensive analysis of the fecal microbiota of healthy Japanese adults reveals a new bacterial lineage associated with a phenotype characterized by a high frequency of bowel movements and a lean body type

et al. 2016

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BackgroundIn Japan, a variety of traditional dietary habits and daily routines have developed in many regions. The effects of these behaviors, and the regional differences in the composition of the gut microbiota, are yet to be sufficiently studied. To characterize the Japanese gut microbiota and identify the factors shaping its composition, we conducted 16S metagenomics analysis of fecal samples collected from healthy Japanese adults residing in various regions of Japan. Each participant also completed a 94-question lifestyle questionnaire.ResultsWe collected fecal samples from 516 healthy Japanese adults (325 females, 191 males; age, 21–88). Heatmap and biplot analyses based on the bacterial family composition of the fecal microbiota showed that subjects’ region of residence or gender were not strongly correlated with the general composition of the fecal microbiota. Although clustering analysis for the whole cohort did not reveal any distinct clusters, two enterotype-like clusters were observed in the male, but not the female, subjects.In the whole subject population, the scores for bowel movement frequency were significantly correlated with the abundances of Christensenellaceae, Mogibacteriaceae, and Rikenellaceae in the fecal microbiota (P < 0.001). These three bacterial families were also significantly more abundant (P < 0.05 or 0.01) in lean subjects (body mass index (BMI) < 25) than in obese subjects (BMI > 30), which is consistent with previously published results. However, a previously reported correlation between BMI and bowel movement frequency was not observed. In addition, the abundances of these three families were positively correlated with each other and comprised a correlative network with 14 other bacterial families.ConclusionsThe present study showed that the composition of the fecal microbiota of healthy Japanese adults at the national level was not strongly correlated with subjects’ area of residence or gender. In addition, enterotype partitioning was ambiguous in this cohort of healthy Japanese adults. Finally, the results implied that the abundances of Christensenellaceae, Mogibacteriaceae, and Rikenellaceae, along with several other bacterial components that together comprised a correlative network, contributed to a phenotype characterized by a high frequency of bowel movements and a lean body type.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-016-0898-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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