Supported mixed-gas fuel cells

Raz, S.; Jak, M.J.G.; Schoonman, J.; Riess, I.

doi:10.1016/s0167-2738(02)00402-2

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The term "single-chamber" has been introduced in 1999 by Hibino et al [6], one of the pioneers of SC-SOFC technology, and is generally used. But "one-chamber" [7], "single-compartment" [8], "mixed-gas" [9][10][11], "mixed-fuels" [12], "mixed-reactant" [1, 13,14] and "separator free" [15] fuel cells as well as "SOFCs with reaction-selective electrodes" [16] can also be found in the literature.…”

Section: Single-chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current efficiency can also be referred to as the fuel utilization  FU as the utilization and electrochemical conversion of the fuel lead to the generation of an electrical current, and it is given by [49]: (10) where I corresponds to the current produced by the cell at the maximum cell power output. I f represents the theoretical current generated for 100% electrochemical conversion of the fuel and can be calculated by Faraday's law [49]: (11) where m' F is the amount of fuel entering the cell per unit time (g/s), F the Faraday constant, n the number of electrons involved in the reactions and M the molar mass of the reacting fuel.…”

Section: Background On Sofcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrode materials are not ideally selective for the specific anodic and cathodic reactions, and in addition they are not completely inert to the direct chemical oxidation reaction of the fuel. This lack of selectivity leads to low fuel utilization (<10%) according to Equation (10) and low overall efficiency. Moreover, high flow rates and fuel-rich gas mixtures that are used to achieve a voltage and power output [14], contribute to elevated fuel waste.…”

Section: Electrode Selectivity and Catalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fuel utilization of SC-SOFC systems is commonly evaluated by calculating the current efficiency according to Equation (10) [28,87,88]. However, this approach does not take into account the utilization of fuel for the generation of heat by the exothermic fuel reactions [26,89].…”

Section: Fuel Utilization and Fuel Cell Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology—From Its Origins to Today’s State of the Art

2010

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Abstract:In single-chamber solid oxide fuel cells (SC-SOFCs), both anode and cathode are situated in a common gas chamber and are exposed to a mixture of fuel and oxidant. The working principle is based on the difference in catalytic activity of the electrodes for the respective anodic and cathodic reactions. The resulting difference in oxygen partial pressure between the electrodes leads to the generation of an open circuit voltage. Progress in SC-SOFC technology has enabled the generation of power outputs comparable to those of conventional SOFCs. This paper provides a detailed review of the development of SC-SOFC technology.

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Section: Single-chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background On Sofcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrode Selectivity and Catalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fuel Utilization and Fuel Cell Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology—From Its Origins to Today’s State of the Art

2010

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“…This is a significant challenge in a dual chamber configuration in which the fuel cells are sealed to create separate fuel and oxidant chambers (Milcarek et al, 2016e;Milcarek et al, 2016f). To avoid the sealing challenges a single chamber configuration (Priestnall et al, 2002;Raz et al, 2002;Riess 2008;Riess et al, 1995) and a no-chamber, Direct Flame Fuel Cell (DFFC) (Endo and Nakamura 2014;Horiuchi et al, 2004;Kronemayer et al, 2007;Sun et al, 2010;Vogler et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2014b;Wang et al, 2013;Yu-guang Wang et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2014a;Zhu et al 2012), have been proposed. While the DFFC configuration can perform rapid startup and thermal cycling, challenges persist with low fuel utilization, electrical efficiency, and thermal stresses due to an uneven temperature distribution of the flame over the fuel cell surface (Wang et al, 2015(Wang et al, , 2011Wang et al, 2014b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-tubular flame-assisted fuel cells

Milcarek

Garrett

Ahn

2017

JFST

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Micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells operating in fuel-rich combustion exhaust are explored in this work and their benefits in reducing the balance of plant in fuel cell systems is discussed. The current state of performance of these micro-tubular flame-assisted fuel cells operating with methane fuel is described and the benefits of operating in propane fuel are explored. An experimental investigation of propane combustion at different fuel/air equivalence ratios is conducted. Temperature measurements of the propane combustion are recorded with thermocouples while the gas species present in the exhaust are measured with a gas chromatograph. Propane is found to have advantages over methane due to a higher upper flammability limit and higher percentages of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, i.e. syngas, generated in the combustion exhaust. A micro-tubular flame-assisted fuel cell is tested using the four probe technique in model propane combustion exhaust at different equivalence ratios and temperatures. A method for comparing the performance of the fuel cell in the combustion exhaust to a hydrogen fuel baseline is developed and comparisons are made. The benefits of operating in propane compared to methane are explored with the potential for fuels like propane and butane being distinguished by their higher upper flammability limits and potential for higher concentrations of syngas in the combustion exhaust.

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Co-planar type single chamber solid oxide fuel cell with micro-patterned electrodes

et al. 2006

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A co-planar type single chamber solid oxide fuel cell (SC-SOFC) with linearly patterned electrode structures on the same surface as the electrolyte has been fabricated by robo-dispensing method. Paste materials of NiO-SDC-Pd cermet and (La 0.7 Sr 0.3 ) 0.95 MnO 3 (LSM) were selectively deposited onto a substrate of yttria stablized zirconia (YSZ) by extrusion through a syringe nozzle. The dispensed pastes were solidified upon solvent evaporation, and the anode and the cathode were sintered at 1350 • C for 2 h and 1200 • C for 1h, respectively. We have fabricated SC-SOFCs that have a single electrode pair with varying anode-to-cathode distances and interdigitated patterned electrodes with 2, 4, and 8 multiple pairs. The electrode microstructures of the resulting cells were examined by SEM. The electrochemical performance of the SC-SOFCs was also analyzed using impedance spectroscopy and a DC source meter.

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Supported mixed-gas fuel cells

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology—From Its Origins to Today’s State of the Art

Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology—From Its Origins to Today’s State of the Art

Micro-tubular flame-assisted fuel cells

Co-planar type single chamber solid oxide fuel cell with micro-patterned electrodes

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