Supporting the Transition Towards Electromobility in the Construction and Mining Sector: Optimization Framework and Demonstration on an Electrical Hauler

Abstract

The paper presents a framework for the integration of the system's design variables, state variables, control strategies, and contextual variables into a design optimization problem to assist early-stage design decisions. The framework is based on a global optimizer incorporating Dynamic Programming, and its applicability is demonstrated by the conceptual design of an electrical hauler. Pareto front of optimal design solutions, in terms of time and cost, together with optimal velocity profiles and battery state-of-charge is visualized for the given mining scenario.

A tradespace exploration approach for changeability assessment from a system-of-systems perspective: application from the construction machinery industry

“…However, these approaches are limited to using fixed average operating points for analyzing a CS. On the other hand, approaches that consider the dynamic behavior of CS during operation often lack considering the SoS and the implications of enabling systems (Machchhar and Bertoni, 2022). In this light, the proposed tradespace exploration approach combines system configuration and control policies, including their enumerative combinatorics in changing contexts.…”

“…Thus, it is evident that incorporating changeability in a system is an interplay of identification, quantification, and valuation, where a practical exploration of tradespace is crucial. From an SoS perspective, the tradespace is a combinatorial representation of several systems, including their configuration and control variables, in an operational context (Machchhar and Bertoni, 2022;Papageorgiou et al, 2020). To enable the tradespace exploration, a number of tools and methods have been developed, spanning from scenario simulations (Rondini et al, 2017), including agent-based simulation (ABS) or discrete event-based simulations (DES) to detailed finite element simulation.…”

“…Figure 1 shows the overall layout of the proposed tradespace exploration approach to support changeability assessment, especially during the early design stages. This approach extends the duallayer optimization approach (Machchhar and Bertoni, 2022), where a multi-objective problem is solved to obtain tradespaces. This dual-layer optimization approach has two limitations: Firstly, it does not consider a SoS perspective, and secondly, it does not involve tools potentially more effective in calculating lifecycle-oriented value, such as ABS, DES, or hybrid.…”

“…This dual-layer optimization approach has two limitations: Firstly, it does not consider a SoS perspective, and secondly, it does not involve tools potentially more effective in calculating lifecycle-oriented value, such as ABS, DES, or hybrid. The dual-optimization layers from Machchhar and Bertoni (2022) can be seen in Figure 1, marked with a dashed blue box. The outer layer comprises a standard design optimization (DO) problem with objective maximization/minimization and equality/inequality constraints (Martins and Ning, 2021).…”