Suppression of gravity effects on metal droplet deposition manufacturing by an anti-gravity electric field

The dynamics of bouncing, partially coalescing, liquid metal droplets in a viscous medium

“…Coalescence is an enticing phenomenon for study by the fluid dynamicist as it involves several of the major force contributions seen in the field namely capillary, viscous, inertial and gravity forces. The study of coalescing fluids has allowed for advances in microfluidics (Prakash & Gershenfeld 2007), additive manufacturing in microgravity (Huang et al 2020), bioprinting of living tissue (Murphy & Atala 2014), the inkjet printing of electronics (Zhu, Wang & Zhu 2020) and even the study of natural phenomena such as rain (D'Adderio, Porcù & Tokay 2018). Coalescence can largely be separated into drop-drop coalescence (Yuan et al 2015;Duchemin, Eggers & Josserand 2003;Gebauer et al 2016), bubble coalescence (Liu et al 2019;Cui et al 2016;Feng et al 2016;Han et al 2016), the study of onset (Neitzel & Dell'Aversana 2002;Geri et al 2017) and drop-planar coalescence (Politova et al 2017;Zhang et al 2019;Kirar et al 2020) which is the focus of this study.…”

“…The study of coalescing fluids has allowed for advances in microfluidics (Prakash & Gershenfeld 2007), additive manufacturing in microgravity (Huang et al. 2020), bioprinting of living tissue (Murphy & Atala 2014), the inkjet printing of electronics (Zhu, Wang & Zhu 2020) and even the study of natural phenomena such as rain (D'Adderio, Porcù & Tokay 2018). Coalescence can largely be separated into drop–drop coalescence (Yuan et al.…”

Optimizing laser power of directed energy deposition process for homogeneous AISI M4 steel microstructure

“…To overcome the challenges related to increasing carbon emissions, noise and energy consumption in air transportation product development and related manufacturing industry, additive manufacturing (AM) processes are considered one of the best emerging technologies contributing to the fourth industrial revolution. The different AM technologies produce components with special or complex metal alloys, flexible and functional designs, and consequently light weight [1][2][3][4][5]. In addition, the associated AM repair technology also contributes to increase service life by recovering damaged components [6].…”

Insights into the impact and solidification of metal droplets in ground-based investigation of droplet deposition 3D printing under microgravity

“…Because the droplets do not respond to gravity in the direction of deposition, owing to the inertia resulting from impact velocity is separated from the gravity [13,14]. Huang et al [1] mimicked the anti-gravity deposition of droplets in normal gravity environment by using electric field to manipulate the droplets to perpendicularly deposit on a vertical substrate. However, the droplet is no more subject to electric field force (a balance force of gravity) due to charge transfer at the moment of landing on the substrate.…”