Suppression of root-knot nematodes in potting mixes amended with different composted biowastes

Abstract

278 SummarySuppressiveness of soil amendments with different rates of composted biowaste materials, olive pomace, municipal green wastes, sewage sludge and spent mushroom substrate, was evaluated against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on tomato in potting mixtures. Soil amendments were applied at 0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 g kg -1 soil, according to a randomized block design with five replications for each treatment. Sixty days after tomato transplanting, nematode population density on plant roots and in soil and root gall infestation were assessed on each root system, and plant top and root weight were also recorded. Soil pH, dry and organic matter content, total and ammoniacal nitrogen were analyzed at the same time. Olive pomace-based composts resulted in the highest nematode suppression (73 -97 %, according to the rate) and significantly reduced gall formation on tomato roots. Olive-waste compost affected positively tomato growth only in combination with sheep wool wastes, but it caused phytotoxicity when mixed with chicken manure and urea. Soil amendments with composted mushroom substrate also provided a consistent nematode suppression and a significant increase of plant growth, whereas composted municipal green wastes were more suppressive and positively affected tomato growth when combined with sewage sludge. Soil chemical parameters were scarcely affected by compost amendments, as organic matter was significantly increased only by the olive pomacederived composts and nitrogen content only at the highest rate of the five composts. Data from the experiment confirmed the potential of compost amendments for sustainable management of root-knot nematodes both in field and greenhouse container media, though their technical effectiveness and economic convenience are strictly dependent on a correct proportion and local availability of raw materials used in the composting process.

Potential of Pleurotus sajor-caju compost for controlling Meloidogyne incognita and improve nutritional status of tomato plants

“…Our results were agreed and supported with many studies emphasized that the root-knot nematodes were greatly suppressed after MC application [24,[54][55][56]. They found that MC was effective as soil amendments in the management of Meloidogyne spp.…”

Management of the Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on Tomato Plants by Pre-Planting Soil Biofumigation with Harvesting Residues of Some Winter Crops and Waste Residues of Oyster Mushroom Cultivation under Field Conditions Amr A.

“…A lot of investigations have been made about utilizing many plant residues and agro-industrial wastes as organic soil amendments or pre planting soil biofumigants in the management of plant-parasitic nematodes and other plant pathogens were carried out by many authors (Akhtar and Alam, 1993;Ploeg and Stapleton. 2001;Mashela, 2002;Bailey and Lazarovits, 2003;López-Pérez et al, 2005;Piedra Buena et al, 2006Monfort et al, 2007;Hassan et al, 2010;López-Pérez et al, 2010;D'Addabbo et al, 2011;El-Nagdi and Abd Elfattah, 2011;Khattak and Khattak, 2011;Anita, 2012;Chindo et al, 2012;Karavina and Mandumbu, 2012;Masheva et al, 2012;Aslam and Saifullah, 2013;Kruger et al, 2013 andYoussef andLashein, 2013).…”

Nematicidal and fertilizing effects of chicken manure, fresh and composted olive mill wastes on organic melon

“…Several studies have been carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of control strategies at low environmental impact alternative to chemicals. A wide range of options was considered: amendments, biofumigations, crop rotation, grafting, green manures, mycorrhization, resistant cultivars HELMINTHOLOGIA, 49, 4: 259 -269, 2012 Nematicidal and fertilizing effects of chicken manure, fresh and composted olive mill wastes on organic melon (Gamliel et al, 2000;Sasanelli et al, 2002;Nico et al, 2004;Castillo et al, 2006;D'Addabbo et al, 2011;Renčo et al, 2007;, soil solarization, ozone and steam applications (Sasanelli & Greco, 2000;Tamietti & Valentino, 2000;Tjamos et al, 2000;, biocidal plants or natural byproducts (Gommers, 1981;Grainge & Ahmed, 1988;Sasanelli & D'Addabbo, 1993;Sasanelli et al, 2007Sasanelli et al, , 2009Maistrello et al, 2010;Renčo et al, 2012) and biological control agents especially fungi and bacteria (Vannacci & Gullino, 2000;. Soil amendments, commonly used in organic farming, are effective in the management of several soil borne plant pathogens and phytoparasitic nematodes (Nico et al, 2004) and at the same time can improve soil fertility as well as productivity and quality of plant products (Bulluck et al, 2002;Rivera & Aballay, 2008).…”