Suppression of stemness and enhancement of chemosensibility in the resistant melanoma were induced by Astragalus polysaccharide through PD-L1 downregulation

Gong, Qianyi; Yu, Hua; Ding, Guiqing; Ma, Jinyun; Wang, Yuanhua; Cheng, Xiaodong

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174726

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Studies show that APS exerts an anti-tumor role through inhibiting proliferation, inducing tumor cell apoptosis and regulating immune cell function [ 6 , 8 , 42 ]. Previous studies declared that APS was used for an adjuvant treatment to conventional chemotherapy to reduce treatment-associated adverse effects in patients [ 43 ], or to increase the tumor response to chemotherapies [ 13 , 44 , 45 ]. For instance, APS exerts a synergistic anti-tumor effect with adriamycin by enhancing the expression of cytokines or down-regulating the MDR1 mRNA level in gastric cancer or H22-bearing mice [ 13 , 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Astragalus Polysaccharide Promotes Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis by Reducing O-GlcNAcylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Duan

Pan

et al. 2023

Cells

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The toxicity and side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs remain a crucial obstacle to the clinical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Identifying combination therapy from Chinese herbs to enhance the sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapeutic drugs is of particular interest. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), one of the natural active components in Astragalus membranaceus, has been reported to exhibit anti-tumor properties in diverse cancer cell lines. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of APS on Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced apoptosis in HCC and the underlying mechanism. The results showed that APS dose-dependently promoted Dox-induced apoptosis and enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Additionally, APS decreased the mRNA level and protein stability of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), and increased the O-GlcNAcase (OGA) expression. Furthermore, OGT lentiviral transfection or PugNAc (OGA inhibitor) treatment reversed the ER stress and apoptosis induced by the combination of Dox and APS. A xenograft tumor mouse model confirmed that the combination of APS and Dox showed an advantage in inhibiting tumor growth in vivo. These findings suggested that APS promoted Dox-induced apoptosis in HCC cells through reducing the O-GlcNAcylation, which led to the exacerbation of ER stress and activation of apoptotic pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In ER stress, the activation of ER signaling recruits chaperones to facilitate proteins’ folding capacity and degrade misfolded proteins [ 45 ]. When the accumulation of misfolded proteins cannot be prevented, the activation of CHOP or eIF2α signals ultimately leads to cell apoptosis [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astragalus Polysaccharide Promotes Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis by Reducing O-GlcNAcylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Duan

Pan

et al. 2023

Cells

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“…When combined with apatinib, APS significantly decreased phosphorylated Akt and MMP-9 expression in AGS human gastric cancer cells, strengthening the antitumor effects of apatinib by inducing autophagy and apoptosis [64]. When paired with Palmarosa sempervirens or radix trichosanthis, APS induces apoptosis in cancer cells, such as B16F10 and A375 melanoma cells, by suppressing PI3K, Akt, and Bcl-2 mRNA expression levels [65,66].…”

Section: Aps Inhibits Signal Transduction Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 97%

Anticancer Mechanism of Astragalus Polysaccharide and Its Application in Cancer Immunotherapy

He,

Liu,

Qin

et al. 2024

Pharmaceuticals

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Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) derived from A. membranaceus plays a crucial role in traditional Chinese medicine. These polysaccharides have shown antitumor effects and are considered safe. Thus, they have become increasingly important in cancer immunotherapy. APS can limit the spread of cancer by influencing immune cells, promoting cell death, triggering cancer cell autophagy, and impacting the tumor microenvironment. When used in combination with other therapies, APS can enhance treatment outcomes and reduce toxicity and side effects. APS combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors, relay cellular immunotherapy, and cancer vaccines have broadened the application of cancer immunotherapy and enhanced treatment effectiveness. By summarizing the research on APS in cancer immunotherapy over the past two decades, this review elaborates on the anticancer mechanism of APS and its use in cancer immunotherapy and clinical trials. Considering the multiple roles of APS, this review emphasizes the importance of using APS as an adjunct to cancer immunotherapy and compares other polysaccharides with APS. This discussion provides insights into the specific mechanism of action of APS, reveals the molecular targets of APS for developing effective clinical strategies, and highlights the wide application of APS in clinical cancer therapy in the future.

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“…To reduce the side effects caused by the systemic application of anticancer drugs, polysaccharide-based transdermal drug delivery systems provide a new tactic for the effective treatment of skin cancer. Astragalus polysaccharide was shown to treat melanoma by inducing programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) downregulation [ 191 ]. DOX, an anthracycline drug, has been successfully used to treat several cancers.…”

Section: Polysaccharide Based Drug Delivery For Diseases Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharide-Based Transdermal Drug Delivery

Xiang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Pharmaceuticals

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Materials derived from natural plants and animals have great potential for transdermal drug delivery. Polysaccharides are widely derived from marine, herbal, and microbial sources. Compared with synthetic polymers, polysaccharides have the advantages of non-toxicity and biodegradability, ease of modification, biocompatibility, targeting, and antibacterial properties. Currently, polysaccharide-based transdermal drug delivery vehicles, such as hydrogel, film, microneedle (MN), and tissue scaffolds are being developed. The addition of polysaccharides allows these vehicles to exhibit better-swelling properties, mechanical strength, tensile strength, etc. Due to the stratum corneum’s resistance, the transdermal drug delivery system cannot deliver drugs as efficiently as desired. The charge and hydration of polysaccharides allow them to react with the skin and promote drug penetration. In addition, polysaccharide-based nanotechnology enhances drug utilization efficiency. Various diseases are currently treated by polysaccharide-based transdermal drug delivery devices and exhibit promising futures. The most current knowledge on these excellent materials will be thoroughly discussed by reviewing polysaccharide-based transdermal drug delivery strategies.

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Suppression of stemness and enhancement of chemosensibility in the resistant melanoma were induced by Astragalus polysaccharide through PD-L1 downregulation

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Astragalus Polysaccharide Promotes Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis by Reducing O-GlcNAcylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Astragalus Polysaccharide Promotes Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis by Reducing O-GlcNAcylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Anticancer Mechanism of Astragalus Polysaccharide and Its Application in Cancer Immunotherapy

Polysaccharide-Based Transdermal Drug Delivery

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