Suppression of Witch-Weed (Striga hermonthica) in Sorghum: Cowpea Mixture as Affected by Cowpea Varieties and Planting Patterns

Udom, G. N.; Babatunde, FE; Tenebe, V. A.

doi:10.3923/ijar.2007.268.274

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The variety of control options to reduce witchweed damage in susceptible crops includes hand and mechanical weeding, host plant resistance, use of trap crops, heavy application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers, herbicide application, land fallowing, crop rotations, mixed cropping or intercropping with non-hosts, soil disinfectants, fumigation, solarization, and biological control or soil antagonists (Kim 1991(Kim , 1994Berner et al 1995;Carsky et al 2000;Kling et al 2000;Gacheru and Rao 2001;Gbèhounou and Adango 2003;Schulz et al 2003;Fasil and Verkleij 2007;Joel et al 2007;Menkir and Kling 2007;Udom et al 2007;Westerman et al 2007;Badu-Apraku et al 2008;Jamil et al 2011;Menkir et al 2012). However, most of these options are not very effective, economical, or environmentally friendly, especially when applied individually under the subsistence production systems prevailing in African agriculture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Witchweed [Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth] control using imazapyr seed coating in maize hybrids in the Nigerian savannah

2020

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Witchweed [Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth] is a major parasitic weed of most cereal crops in Africa, including maize. Seed treatment with low doses of acetolactate synthase–inhibiting herbicides, such as imazapyr, was introduced in the 1990s to control witchweed. Field trials were conducted in four locations in Nigeria in 2007 and 2008, to assess the effect of coating seeds of several maize hybrids with imazapyr on witchweed control. The hybrids had genes for imidazolinone herbicide resistance (IR), as well as genetic tolerance to witchweed (ST). Treatments were 12 IR maize hybrids with ST and three checks without the IR gene (commercial, witchweed tolerant, and witchweed susceptible hybrids). Averaged across all locations, the coated IR hybrids with ST yielded more and supported fewer witchweed plants than the uncoated IR hybrids with ST. The IR hybrids with ST yielded 57%–60% more than the commercial and witchweed tolerant hybrid checks that were not coated. The witchweed susceptible hybrid check suffered a yield loss of 88% under infestation without seed coating. The IR hybrids with ST yielded 3564 kg ha−1 of grain when coated with imazapyr and 3266 kg ha−1 otherwise. The findings indicate that coating of IR/ST maize seeds with imazapyr improved tolerance to witchweed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Witchweed [Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth] control using imazapyr seed coating in maize hybrids in the Nigerian savannah

2020

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“…Soil deficiencies in P and N fostered strigolactone exudation and consequently increased the level of Striga germination (Ayeni et al, 2017). Biological fixation of nitrogen by cowpeas as a legume is potentially a way to suppress Striga germination, but this N release appears to be insufficient to offset the soil deficiencies and to control Striga infestation (Udom et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Striga gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke infestation and distribution as affected by soil properties and varieties at the plot and landscape scales in cowpea‐based cropping systems

et al. 2021

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Crop pests, diseases, weeds, limited soil fertility and variable climatic conditions are among the major causes of low agronomic performance and insufficient crop production in the semiarid and subhumid areas of Africa and Asia (Tadele, 2017). Parasitic weeds of the genus Striga have long been recognised as a major biological barrier to crop production, particularly in areas with erratic rainfall that are subject to intensify cropping systems and a reduction in the duration of fallow periods (Parker, 2009). Under current climate conditions and intensified cropping systems, Striga affects the lives and livelihoods of 300 million smallholders by causing heavy losses in production and incomes in

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“…Similar results, although with some variation among locations, were obtained in the same area with cowpea or soybean as a trap crop and by maize-cowpea intercropping (Ellis-Jones et al, 2004;Kureh et al, 2006). Sorghum-cowpea intercropping in alternate ridge pattern was also found to be successful, although care should be taken in choosing the most suitable cowpea cultivar (Udom et al, 2007). Farmers in the area seemed to prefer a legume-cereal rotation over other 14 potential witchweed control means (Emeghebe et al, 2004).…”

Section: Stimulation or Inhibition Of Seed Germinationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ecological weed management in Sub-Saharan Africa: Prospects and implications on other agroecosystem services

Bàrberi

2019

Advances in Agronomy

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Suppression of Witch-Weed (Striga hermonthica) in Sorghum: Cowpea Mixture as Affected by Cowpea Varieties and Planting Patterns

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Witchweed [Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth] control using imazapyr seed coating in maize hybrids in the Nigerian savannah

Witchweed [Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth] control using imazapyr seed coating in maize hybrids in the Nigerian savannah

Striga gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke infestation and distribution as affected by soil properties and varieties at the plot and landscape scales in cowpea‐based cropping systems

Ecological weed management in Sub-Saharan Africa: Prospects and implications on other agroecosystem services

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