Suppressive effect of goat bile in Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection in mice

Arwati, Heny; Bahalwan, Ramadhani R; Hapsari, Windya T; Wardhani, Kartika A; Aini, Kholida Nur; Apsari, Putu Indah Budi; Wardhani, Puspa

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2021.2016-2022

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Infected red blood cells are killed by macrophages. Destructed RBC also released hemozoin or malaria pigment that accumulated in severe malaria [20]. In malaria, splenomegaly happens due to the obstruction of the blood vessel by erythroid precursors, which might cause the closing of the circulation and secretion of soluble factors by blood vessel macrophages [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of moringa extract on parasitemia, monocyte activation and organomegaly among Mus musculus infected by Plasmodium berghei ANKA

Budiapsari,

Jaya,

Dewi

et al. 2024

Narra J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Indonesia, malaria remains a problem, with 94,610 active cases in 2021 and its current therapy includes chloroquine and artemisinin; however, resistance has been commonly reported. To overcome this problem, studies about potential medicinal plants that can be used as antimalaria, such as moringa (Moringa oleifera) started to receive more attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of moringa in parasitemia, monocyte activation, and organomegaly on animal model malaria. This experimental study used male Mus musculus, infected by Plasmodium berghei ANKA, as an animal malaria model. The extract was made by maceration of dry moringa leaves, which were then divided into three concentrations: 25%, 50%, and 75%. Dihydroartemisinin-piperazine was used as a positive control treatment, and distilled water as a negative control treatment. The animals were observed for six days to assess the parasitemia count and the number of monocyte activation. On day 7, the animals were terminated, and the liver, spleen, and kidney were weighed. The results showed that the effective concentrations in reducing parasitemia and inducing monocyte activation were 50% and 25% of moringa leaf extract, respectively. The smallest liver and spleen enlargement was observed among animals within the group treated with a 50% concentration of M. oleifera extract. In contrast, the smallest kidney enlargement was observed in the group treated with 25% of M. oleifera extract. Further analysis is recommended to isolate compounds with antimalarial properties in moringa leaves.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of moringa extract on parasitemia, monocyte activation and organomegaly among Mus musculus infected by Plasmodium berghei ANKA

Budiapsari,

Jaya,

Dewi

et al. 2024

Narra J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, currently the malaria elimination program in Indonesia is focused on those three malaria-endemic areas. Fortunately, the increase in malaria cases was also accompanied by an increase of 372 out of 514 districts (72.4%) being certified malaria-free [4] Malaria treatment in Indonesia is based on Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT) as recommended by WHO, however, some Indonesian people consume intact goat bladder to treat malaria and increase their stamina [5,6] Ethnomedicine is often considered the main option for treating diseases in developing countries because it is affordable and accessible from available natural sources [7]. For ages, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has employed bile from diverse animals and certain bile constituents in conjunction with herbal remedies to address both acute and chronic infectious and noninfectious diseases, such as malaria [8].…”

Section: International Journal Of Scientific Advances Issn: 2708-7972mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the acute and sub-acute toxicity tests of GB in BALB/c mice have been reported, where GB caused mild diarrhea in BALB/c mice indicating a mild intestinal toxicity [5]. GB has also been reported to have antimalarial activity [9] as well as its suppressive effect in BALB/c mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA [6]. In Chinese Materia Medica the bile of goat (GB) has been documented that therapeutically used to treat optic atrophy, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, and various skin diseases [8].…”

Section: International Journal Of Scientific Advances Issn: 2708-7972mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Effect of Goat Bile on The Immunity of Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei

Arwati,

Aini,

Wardani

et al. 2023

International Journal of Scientific Advances

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Goat bile (GB) has been used traditionally as antimalarial medicine. Toxicity and antimalarial activity as well as the suppressive effect of GB have been reported previously. This study aimed to find out the immunological effect of GB on the serum level of IgG, TNF-α, and IL-10 in Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Fifty male BALB/c mice were infected with P. berghei ANKA and were divided into 5 groups. Groups 1-3 were treated with GB at a concentration of 25% (GB25), 50% (GB50), and 100% (GB100), respectively. Group 4 was a negative control and was given only sterile water. Group 5 was a positive control group, which was given 187.2 mg/kg body weight of the dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine antimalarial drug. Simultaneously, 3 groups of uninfected mice were treated with GB as above. Additionally, a group of normal mice without any treatment was used as a comparison control group. Treatments were given for four consecutive days. Parasitemia was observed daily on Giemsa-stained blood smears. Sera were collected on day five before the measurement of IgG anti P. berghei ANKA, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels by ELISA kit. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Mann Whitney, and Pearson correlation tests. Temporary mild diarrhea was seen in GB100-treated mice. All GB concentrations suppressed IgG production. The GB100 was more therapeutic, but GB50 and GB25 increased IL-10 levels as an antiinflammation response against infection. The pro-inflammatory effect of GB in normal mice caused TNF-α levels in GB-treated uninfected mice to be high. Both the toxicity and benefit of GB could be considered potential sources for the development of new anti-malarial candidates. The toxicity of GB should be considered seriously as the contradictive effect.

show abstract

“…Male mice, weighing 25-30 grams, and ± 7 weeks old were used in this study. Antimalarial drug of dihydroartemisininpiperaquine phosphate (DHP) at 187.2 mg/kg BW (Mersipharma, Sukabumi, Indonesia) was used as a therapeutic dose as a control [13]. The VCO used was Javara brand VCO with BPOM RI certificate MD 207928001388.…”

Section: Parasite Host and Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimalarial activity of Virgin Coconut Oil against Plasmodium berghei ANKA in mice

Widjanarko¹,

Wardhani²,

Arwati³

2022

International Journal of Scientific Advances

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Malaria remains a health problem in various parts of the world. A decrease in antioxidant levels during malaria infection cause oxidative stress, therefore exogenous antioxidant is needed. Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) can be a source of exogenous antioxidants due to the antioxidant activity of VCO, which was contributed majority by phenolic acids content. Antioxidants play a role in countering the effects of free radicals by inhibiting fat peroxidation that cause erythrocyte cell wall stronger and not easily ruptured. Pharmacological properties of VCO including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antiviral, and antiprotozoal properties have been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the antimalarial activity of VCO by evaluating the parasitemia and percentage of inhibition to the growth of parasite. Thirty male BALB/c mice were infected intraperitonially with 1×106 Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected erythrocytes. The mice were than randomly divided into five groups: positive control (PC) group was given 187.2m g/kg BW of dihydroartemisinin phosphate, negative control (NC) group was only given sterile water; G1, G2, and G3 groups were given 1 ml, 5 ml, and 10 ml/kg BW of VCO, respectively. VCO treatments were given for 4 consecutive days started from 24 hours post infection. Parasitemia was determined daily on Giemsa-stained tail blood smear, further the percentage inhibition was calculated. The results showed that parasitemia in VCO-treated mice were lower than that of NC group, but higher than that of PC group, indicated the antimalarial activity of VCO. The inhibition of VCO to the growth of parasite showed that G2 was higher (48.70%) than that of G1 (13.04%) and G3 (33.9%). The use of antioxidant therapy as a supportive therapy is one of alternatives in supporting the healing process of malaria patients and may reduce various risks that could potentially occur in patients.

show abstract

Suppressive effect of goat bile in Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection in mice

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of moringa extract on parasitemia, monocyte activation and organomegaly among Mus musculus infected by Plasmodium berghei ANKA

Effect of moringa extract on parasitemia, monocyte activation and organomegaly among Mus musculus infected by Plasmodium berghei ANKA

Immunological Effect of Goat Bile on The Immunity of Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei

Antimalarial activity of Virgin Coconut Oil against Plasmodium berghei ANKA in mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About