Suppressive effects of breast milk on oxidative DNA damage in very low birthweight infants

Shoji, Hiromichi

doi:10.1136/fn.89.2.f136

Cited by 23 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…27 Higher intensity of oxidative stress is typically reported from breasted children. 5,28 The results of this study suggest that positive effects of breastfeeding on the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance may be compromised by maternal smoking during lactation. This finding is particularly important in view of the fact that many women who successfully refrained from smoking during pregnancy return to this habit immediately after the delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…This antioxidant barrier includes enzymes as well as non-enzymatic components. Human breast milk contains either non-enzymatic antioxidants (among others coenzyme Q, lactoferrin and vitamins A, E and C) [2][3][4][5] or antioxidant enzymes. 6,7 In vitro, human breast milk antioxidants were observed to decrease hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage in intestinal epithelial cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural breastfeeding has been found to lower oxidative stress in neonates, not only in healthy full-term newborns but also in newborns with very low-birth weight, who are particularly endangered to the consequences of oxidative stress. 5 The efficiency of antioxidant barrier is modulated by many factors including gender, age, place of residence, dietary intake, obesity and smoking. 10 Marked abnormalities of blood antioxidant concentrations were reported from smokers resulting in decreased antioxidative capacity of blood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal smoking decreases antioxidative status of human breast milk

Zagierski

Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz

Jankowska

et al. 2011

J Perinatol

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Objective: To evaluate the influence of maternal smoking on antioxidative capacity and intensity of oxidative damage in breast milk.Study Design: The study group (n ¼ 30) was comprised of postpartum women who declared smoking more than five cigarettes per day during pregnancy and lactation (confirmed by the urinalysis of cotinine concentration), and their newborns. Control group included 29 nonsmoking postpartum women and their newborns. Colostrum samples were collected on the 3rd day after delivery and breast milk samples between the 30th and the 32nd day after delivery. Morning maternal and neonatal urine samples were obtained on the day of the mature milk sampling. Isoprostane concentrations in colostrum/mature milk and urine were determined immunoenzymatically. Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) of colostrum/breast milk was determined by Rice-Evans and Miller method.Result: Colostrum TAS in smokers was significantly lower than in nonsmokers (P ¼ 0.006). In both groups, the TAS of mature milk was higher compared with colostrum, but significant differences were observed amongst smokers only (P ¼ 0.001). In smokers the isoprostane concentration of mature milk was significantly higher than the colostrum concentration (P ¼ 0.001). Significant inverse correlation between maternal urinary isoprostane concentration and the TAS of mature breast milk was observed in smokers (R ¼ À0.525, P ¼ 0.023), but not in non-smokers (R ¼ 0.161, P ¼ 0.422).Conclusion: This study revealed that maternal smoking triggers harmful effects on an infant by impairing pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance of breast milk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal smoking decreases antioxidative status of human breast milk

Zagierski

Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz

Jankowska

et al. 2011

J Perinatol

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“…Studies show that breast milk can suppress the effects of oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage in newborns more than formula milk can (Shoji et al 2004). Antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), which prevent the formation of radicals or hydrogen peroxide and other peroxides, as well as glutathione peroxidase (GPX), which catalyzes the reduction of different peroxides, have been demonstrated in milk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidant and antioxidant status of human breast milk during lactation period

Yüksel

Yiğit

Çınar

et al. 2015

Dairy Sci. & Technol.

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Due to the oxidative stress conditions at birth, newborn needs some immunological and antioxidative protection after birth. The present study was conducted to point out the oxidant and antioxidant activity of human breast milk throughout the lactation. For this purpose, the levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, lactoferrin, superoxide dismutase, and catalase was determined in colostrum, transition milk, and mature milk. Milk samples were collected from 20 volunteer mothers at 24-48 h of delivery and 7 and 14 days after delivery. The skimmed milk was used for determination of the levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and lactoferrin and the activities of the catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes. As the lactation period proceeded, the malondialdehyde level increased and the levels of nitric oxide and lactoferrin as well as the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase decreased. Colostrum has a high antioxidant capacity, and these antioxidants decrease during the lactation period owing to the changing need of the growing infant. The results of this study revealed the importance of breastfeeding immediately after the birth to take the advantage of colostrum.

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“…This is the reason why many of the disorders of prematurely born infants are thought to be the result of this imbalance between oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity (8). Furthermore, breastfeeding has been associated with low rates of a variety of illnesses in premature infants, including necrotising enterocolitis, respiratory disease, and retinopathy of prematurity (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants and Antioxidant Capacity of Human Milk / Antioksidansi i antioksidativni kapacitet humanog mleka

Živković¹,

Sunarić²,

Trutić³

et al. 2015

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis

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Milk contains plenty of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant components that probably account for the vital antioxidant protection of the infants at early stages of life against the development of complications induced by oxygen free radicals. Indigenous milk enzymes play a key role in regulating lactogenesis, including active involution of mammary gland. Moreover, they are essential constituents of antioxidation and the innate immune system of milk. Among antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase and selenium-containing glutathione peroxidase have been demonstrated in human milk. Mainly, the enzyme content of colostrum is higher than that in corresponding mature milk. Beside lipophilic antioxidant in human milk, tocopherols, carotenoids and vitamin A are of great interest. Those components demonstrate the highest levels in colostrum and decline during early lactation, despite the fact that total lipids increase. The complete list of active antioxidant components in human milk is not yet known.This review reports the main findings of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, as well as antioxidant capacity of human milk. Synergism of action of several antioxidants helps to eliminate free radicals in newborns. Bearing in mind that milk contains a number of antioxidants, many reactions are possible and it is difficult to define the exact contribution and function of each antioxidant. Besides qualitative and quantitative analysis of human milk antioxidants, the measurement of total antioxidant capacity could be a useful tool for examination of this dynamic, complex fluid. R e v i e w a r t i c l e I NT ROD U CT I ONReactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive molecules containing oxygen. They are either radicals that contain at least one unpaired electron or reactive non-radical compounds derived from radicals, capable of oxidizing biomolecules and able to damage all biological macromolecules (1, 2). These ROS are normally produced in living organisms at low but measurable concentrations, and may be beneficial or even crucial in processes such as intracellular signalling and defence against microorganisms. Also, ROS are involved in the cell growth, differentiation, progression, and death (3).Cells which use oxygen and consequently ROS have to evolve complex antioxidant defence systems to neutralize ROS and protect themselves against free radical damaging (4). When the production of ROS exceeds the capacity of the body's antioxidant defence to detoxify them, a condition known as oxidative stress occurs. High concentrations of ROS can damage all major cellular constituents such as lipids (peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in membranes), proteins (denaturation), carbohydrates and nucleic acids, which leads to functional impairment (5, 6).At birth, the newborn is exposed to a relatively hyperoxic extrauterine environment caused by an increased oxygen bioavailability with greatly enhanced generation of ROS. As a result, human infant is under oxidative stress due to the difficulty of adapting...

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Suppressive effects of breast milk on oxidative DNA damage in very low birthweight infants

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Maternal smoking decreases antioxidative status of human breast milk

Maternal smoking decreases antioxidative status of human breast milk

Oxidant and antioxidant status of human breast milk during lactation period

Antioxidants and Antioxidant Capacity of Human Milk / Antioksidansi i antioksidativni kapacitet humanog mleka

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